Mrs. J, a 40-year-old woman, was recently diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Which of the following is most likely to be included in her treatment plan?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the case of Mrs. J, a 40-year-old woman diagnosed with hypothyroidism, the most appropriate treatment plan would involve option B, which is thyroid hormone replacement therapy. This is the correct answer because hypothyroidism is a condition characterized by an underactive thyroid gland, leading to insufficient production of thyroid hormones. As a result, replacing these hormones through medication is essential to restore the body's normal functioning and alleviate symptoms associated with hypothyroidism. Option A, a high-protein diet, and option C, a high-fiber diet, are not directly related to the treatment of hypothyroidism. While a balanced diet is important for overall health, dietary modifications alone cannot address the underlying hormonal imbalance caused by hypothyroidism. Similarly, option D, low-sodium medications, is not a primary treatment for hypothyroidism and would not address the root cause of the condition. Educationally, understanding the appropriate treatment for hypothyroidism is crucial for healthcare professionals and patients alike. By knowing that thyroid hormone replacement therapy is the cornerstone of managing hypothyroidism, healthcare providers can ensure that patients like Mrs. J receive the necessary treatment to improve their quality of life and prevent complications associated with untreated hypothyroidism. This knowledge also empowers patients to advocate for themselves and actively participate in their treatment plans, leading to better health outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is A) Clients with hypertension that is difficult to control should be assessed for pheochromocytoma. Pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor of the adrenal gland that can cause excess production of catecholamines, leading to symptoms like severe hypertension. Therefore, individuals with uncontrolled hypertension should be evaluated for this condition. Option B) Clients with high blood glucose levels are more indicative of conditions like diabetes rather than pheochromocytoma. Pheochromocytoma does not typically present with high blood glucose levels. Option C) Clients who take more than two medicines to control their blood pressure may have resistant hypertension, but this alone is not a specific indicator for pheochromocytoma. Option D) Clients with either primary or secondary adrenal insufficiency would not typically present with symptoms suggestive of pheochromocytoma. Adrenal insufficiency is characterized by low levels of adrenal hormones, which is distinct from the excess catecholamines seen in pheochromocytoma. Educational context: Understanding the signs and symptoms of pheochromocytoma is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially those working in primary care or endocrinology. Recognizing the appropriate patient populations for further evaluation can lead to timely diagnosis and management of this potentially life-threatening condition. By assessing patients with difficult-to-control hypertension for pheochromocytoma, healthcare providers can ensure comprehensive care and appropriate treatment strategies for their patients.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In caring for a patient post-hypophysectomy for hyperpituitarism, the immediate intervention required is the presence of glucose in nasal drainage (Option A). This finding indicates a cerebrospinal fluid leak, which is a serious complication post-surgery. Cerebrospinal fluid contains glucose, hence its presence in nasal drainage is concerning and requires immediate intervention to prevent infection and further complications. Nasal packing present in nares (Option B) is a common post-operative procedure and not necessarily a cause for immediate concern unless it is causing respiratory distress or bleeding. Urine output of 40-50 mL per hour (Option C) is within the normal range and does not indicate an immediate issue. Patient complaints of thirst (Option D) are common postoperatively and can be managed by providing oral fluids. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of recognizing and prioritizing post-operative complications in patients who have undergone hypophysectomy. It emphasizes the significance of prompt assessment and intervention to prevent potential complications and ensure patient safety. Understanding the rationale behind the correct answer reinforces critical thinking skills and clinical decision-making in managing postoperative care for patients with endocrine disorders.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of caring for a client with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS), the priority area for the nurse to evaluate is hydration status (Option B). This is because HHNS is characterized by severe dehydration due to high blood sugar levels without ketones present. Monitoring hydration is crucial to prevent complications such as hypovolemic shock and organ damage. Skin color (Option A) may provide some information about perfusion, but hydration status is more directly related to the pathophysiology of HHNS. Temperature (Option C) may be elevated due to dehydration, but assessing hydration status takes precedence. Response to diet (Option D) is important in managing diabetes but is not the priority in the acute phase of HHNS. Educationally, understanding the priority assessments in specific conditions like HHNS is vital for nurses to provide safe and effective care. By prioritizing hydration status in this scenario, nurses can intervene promptly to prevent further deterioration and promote positive outcomes for their clients.