ATI RN
Biological Basis of Behavior Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Mrs. Cruz, 80 years old is diagnosed with pneumonia. Which of the following symptoms may appear first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Altered mental status and dehydration may appear first in an elderly patient with pneumonia due to age-related physiological changes affecting their ability to regulate fluids and electrolytes. This can lead to confusion and reduced intake of fluids, causing dehydration. Fever and chills (B) typically occur after the infection progresses. Hemoptysis and dyspnea (C) are more characteristic of conditions like pulmonary embolism or lung cancer. Pleuritic chest pain and cough (D) are common symptoms of pneumonia but usually develop after the initial onset of infection.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for Kenneth experiencing an acute asthma attack. The client stops wheezing and breath sounds aren't audible. The reason for this change is that:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. When the client stops wheezing and breath sounds are not audible during an acute asthma attack, it indicates that the airways are so swollen that no air can get through. This is a sign of severe airway constriction, which can be life-threatening. The other choices are incorrect because: A, the attack is not over as the symptoms indicate a worsening condition; C, the swelling decreasing would not cause the absence of breath sounds; D, crackles are typically heard in conditions like pneumonia, not in asthma attacks.
Question 3 of 5
Kennedy with acute asthma showing inspiratory and expiratory wheezes and a decreased forced expiratory volume should be treated with which of the following classes of medication right away?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bronchodilators. In acute asthma exacerbation, bronchodilators are crucial for immediate relief by dilating the airways and improving airflow. Beta-adrenergic blockers (A) are contraindicated in asthma as they can worsen bronchoconstriction. Inhaled steroids (C) are used for long-term control, not for immediate relief. Oral steroids (D) are used in severe asthma exacerbations that don't respond to bronchodilators, not as first-line treatment. Therefore, the immediate priority for Kennedy would be to administer bronchodilators to alleviate the acute symptoms.
Question 4 of 5
A 51-year-old female client tells the nurse in-charge that she has found a painless lump in her right breast during her monthly self-examination. Which assessment finding would strongly suggest that this client's lump is cancerous?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Nonmobile mass with irregular edges Rationale: 1. Nonmobile mass indicates fixed growth, common in cancerous tumors. 2. Irregular edges suggest rapid, abnormal cell growth, characteristic of cancer. 3. These features raise suspicion for malignancy and warrant further investigation. Summary: A: Eversion of the right nipple and mobile mass - Typically seen in benign conditions like fibroadenomas. C: Mobile mass that is soft and easily delineated - Likely a benign cyst. D: Nonpalpable right axillary lymph nodes - Presence of palpable lymph nodes would suggest metastasis, not primary breast cancer.
Question 5 of 5
During a breast examination, which finding most strongly suggests that the Luz has breast cancer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. A fixed nodular mass with dimpling of the overlying skin is a classic sign of breast cancer due to infiltration of the skin by the tumor. This finding suggests an aggressive, invasive cancer. Choice A is common and often benign. Choice C can be a sign of cancer but is less specific. Choice D describes fibrocystic changes, which are benign.