ATI RN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 9th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
Mr. Reyes is extremely confused. The nurse provide new information slowly and in small amounts because;
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Confusion or delirium can be a defense against further stress. This is because providing new information slowly and in small amounts can help prevent overwhelming Mr. Reyes, who is already confused. This approach allows him to process and understand the information more effectively without adding to his stress levels. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect: B: Destruction of brain cells has occurred, interrupting mental activity - This is not the most appropriate explanation as it assumes irreversible damage to the brain, which is not mentioned in the question. C: Teaching based on information progressing from the simple to the complex - While this may be a valid teaching strategy in general, it does not address Mr. Reyes' specific state of confusion and the need to reduce stress. D: A minimum of information should be given, since he is unaware of surrounding - This choice does not address the underlying reason for providing information slowly, which is to manage stress and confusion, rather than solely focusing on the
Question 2 of 9
The nurse is observing a client receiving antiplatelet therapy for adverse reactions. Antiplatelet drugs most commonly produce which hypersensitivity reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bronchospasm. Antiplatelet drugs commonly cause hypersensitivity reactions like bronchospasm due to their effects on platelet function. They can trigger an allergic response leading to bronchoconstriction. Difficulty hearing (A) is not a common hypersensitivity reaction to antiplatelet therapy. Confusion (B) is more commonly associated with central nervous system effects rather than hypersensitivity reactions. Agranulocytosis (D) is a severe drop in white blood cells and is not typically a hypersensitivity reaction to antiplatelet drugs.
Question 3 of 9
A hospital’s wound nurse consultant made a recommendation for nurses on the unit about how to care for the patient’s dressing changes. Which action should the nurses take next?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Include dressing change instructions and frequency in the care plan. This is the correct action because it ensures consistency in care and communication among the nursing team. By documenting the dressing change instructions and frequency in the care plan, all nurses will have clear guidance on how to perform the dressing changes correctly and at the appropriate intervals. This promotes continuity of care and helps prevent errors or omissions in the dressing change process. Option B is incorrect as it is not realistic to expect the wound nurse to perform all dressing changes. Option C is unnecessary unless there are specific concerns requiring the health care provider's attention. Option D is not appropriate as encouraging the patient to perform dressing changes may not be safe or feasible depending on the patient's condition.
Question 4 of 9
A new nurse is completing an assessment on an 80-year-old patient who is alert and oriented. The patient’s daughter is present in the room. Which action by the nurse will require follow-up by the charge nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the nurse should primarily communicate with the patient, not just the daughter. This ensures patient-centered care and respects the patient's autonomy. Speaking only to the daughter may undermine the patient's dignity and may lead to incomplete information gathering. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are appropriate nursing communication techniques that facilitate rapport-building and active listening with the patient. Making eye contact, leaning forward, and nodding are all positive non-verbal cues that show engagement and attentiveness to the patient, promoting effective communication and building trust.
Question 5 of 9
Which of the ff. nursing interventions would have the highest priority in the plan of care for the postoperative eye patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Report sudden onset of acute pain. This is the highest priority because sudden onset of acute pain postoperatively can indicate a serious complication such as hemorrhage or infection. Prompt reporting allows for timely intervention to prevent further complications. A: Do not leave the patient unattended at any time - While important for safety, it is not the highest priority compared to addressing sudden onset of acute pain. B: Teach the patient not to bend over - Important for preventing complications postoperatively, but not as urgent as addressing sudden onset of acute pain. D: Apply sandbags to either side of the head - This intervention is not typically indicated for postoperative eye patients and would not address the potential serious complication of sudden onset of acute pain.
Question 6 of 9
In an individual with Sjogren’s syndrome, nursing care should focus on:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Moisture replacement. Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the moisture-producing glands, leading to dryness in the eyes, mouth, and other mucous membranes. Nursing care should focus on managing these symptoms by providing moisture replacement through artificial tears, lubricating eye drops, and hydrating mouthwashes. This helps prevent complications such as corneal damage and dental issues. Nutritional supplementation (B) may be needed if there are difficulties in eating due to dry mouth, but it is not the primary focus. Electrolyte balance (C) and arrhythmia management (D) are not directly related to the symptoms of Sjogren's syndrome and are therefore not the main priorities in nursing care for this condition.
Question 7 of 9
An adult who has gastroenteritis and is on digitalis ha lab values of: K 3.2 mEq/L, Na 136 mEq/L, Ca 8.8 mg/dl, and Cl 98 mEq/L. the nurse puts which of the following on the client’s plan of care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice C is correct: 1. The lab value of K at 3.2 mEq/L indicates hypokalemia. 2. Digitalis can worsen hypokalemia and lead to toxicity. 3. Avoiding foods rich in potassium will prevent further lowering of potassium levels. 4. This intervention helps prevent potential digitalis toxicity in the client. Summary of why the other choices are incorrect: A. Stopping digitalis therapy abruptly can lead to rebound effects and worsen the condition. B. Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs are not relevant to the client's current lab values. D. While observing for digitalis toxicity is important, addressing the low potassium level is a more immediate concern in this scenario.
Question 8 of 9
The nurse should include which of the following in preprocedure teaching for a patient scheduled for carotid angiography?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "You may feel a burning sensation when the dye is injected." This is important preprocedure teaching for carotid angiography because it prepares the patient for a common sensation during the procedure, helping to manage their expectations and reduce anxiety. This information is crucial for informed consent. Choice A is incorrect because carotid angiography is usually done under local anesthesia, not general anesthesia. Choice B is incorrect as carotid angiography typically takes about 1-2 hours, not several hours. Choice D is incorrect because all medical procedures, including carotid angiography, carry potential risks and complications, which should be discussed with the patient.
Question 9 of 9
A pregnant client with hypertension and cardiac dysrhythmias is admitted to the hospital. Which of the following imbalances should the nurse check for?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hypomagnesemia. 1. Hypertension and cardiac dysrhythmias can be exacerbated by low magnesium levels. 2. Magnesium plays a crucial role in maintaining normal heart rhythm and blood pressure. 3. Hypomagnesemia can lead to cardiac arrhythmias and worsen hypertension. 4. Metabolic acidosis (A) is not directly related to hypertension and dysrhythmias. 5. Hypernatremia (B) and hypercalcemia (D) are less likely to be associated with cardiac issues in this context. In summary, checking for hypomagnesemia is essential due to its direct impact on the client's hypertension and cardiac dysrhythmias.