Mr. Johnstone is treated for removal of foreign bodies in both eyes and is discharged with patches on both eyes. In teaching Mr. Johnstone's family to assist him in walking, the nurse advises the family member to

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of assisting a patient with impaired vision due to patches on both eyes, the correct option (C) advises the family member to offer their arm and walk in front of Mr. Johnstone. This is the most appropriate choice because walking in front allows the family member to guide and support Mr. Johnstone effectively by leading him and providing verbal cues about obstacles or changes in terrain. This position also enables the family member to maintain visual contact with Mr. Johnstone, ensuring his safety during the walk. The incorrect options (A) and (D) suggest walking behind Mr. Johnstone, which may not provide adequate support and guidance, especially considering his impaired vision. Walking behind him can lead to potential accidents or falls as the family member may not be able to offer timely assistance or communicate effectively with him. Option (B) of grasping him by the arm and walking in front of him is not ideal as it may cause discomfort or anxiety for Mr. Johnstone by invading his personal space and impeding his movement. Educationally, this scenario highlights the importance of understanding the specific needs of patients with visual impairments and the appropriate techniques for assisting them in mobility. It emphasizes the significance of positioning, communication, and support in ensuring the safety and well-being of individuals with temporary or permanent vision loss. By choosing the correct option, the family member can provide effective assistance to Mr. Johnstone during his recovery period.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of an adult medical surgical emergency, the correct action when a patient with a high blood alcohol level (BAL) of 0.48 is unconscious is to immediately call the ED practitioner (Option B). This is essential because an unconscious patient with such a high BAL may be at risk of severe alcohol poisoning, which can be life-threatening and requires prompt medical intervention. Placing the patient in a quiet area and waiting for the patient to sober up (Option A) is not appropriate in this situation as the patient's condition could rapidly deteriorate without medical attention. Administering Narcan (Option C) is used for opioid overdose, not alcohol intoxication. Sending the patient to the ICU immediately (Option D) may be premature without first consulting with the ED practitioner to determine the appropriate course of action based on the patient's presentation and condition. Educationally, this scenario highlights the importance of rapid assessment and appropriate decision-making in emergency situations. Understanding the effects of alcohol intoxication, the potential complications of high BAL levels, and the appropriate steps to take in managing such cases is crucial for healthcare providers working in emergency settings.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the best response is option D: "Your son's condition and behavior do not seem normal. Why don't you ask your practitioner to assess your son." This response is the most appropriate because it addresses the concerning symptoms and behavior exhibited by the preteen boy and encourages the neighbor to seek professional medical advice. Option A is incorrect because it is too direct and assumes a diagnosis without proper assessment. Option B is inappropriate as it insinuates potential theft rather than focusing on the child's health. Option C is not the best response as it does not address the immediate health concerns and the child's unusual behavior during school hours. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of recognizing signs of potential health issues in children and the role of seeking medical evaluation from a healthcare provider. It emphasizes the need for early intervention and appropriate healthcare management in cases where a child's symptoms are concerning or abnormal. Encouraging open communication and seeking professional advice when faced with health-related concerns is crucial in ensuring the well-being of individuals, especially children.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Continue to irrigate eyes with water. This is the immediate and appropriate action to take when a child gets a cleaning solution in their eyes. Continuing to rinse the eyes with water helps to flush out the irritant and prevent further damage to the eyes. Water helps dilute the chemical and reduce its effects on the eye tissues. Option A) Comfort the child and check vision, while important, should come after the immediate action of rinsing the eyes with water. Vision can be assessed once the eyes have been thoroughly flushed. Option C) Call Poison Control and option D) Call 911 are not the most immediate actions to take in this situation. While they may be necessary depending on the severity of the situation, the priority is to continue irrigating the eyes with water to minimize the potential harm caused by the cleaning solution. From an educational perspective, this scenario highlights the importance of quick and appropriate action in situations involving chemical exposure to the eyes. It also emphasizes the significance of prioritizing interventions in emergency situations to ensure the best possible outcomes for the patient.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Bradycardia. Beta-adrenergic blockers are contraindicated in patients with bradycardia because these medications can further decrease the heart rate, potentially leading to serious complications such as heart block or cardiac arrest. By notifying the physician of a history of bradycardia, potential harm can be prevented. Option A) Hypertension is not a contraindication for beta-adrenergic blockers; in fact, these medications are commonly used to manage hypertension by reducing heart rate and blood pressure. Option B) Tachycardia is another condition where beta blockers are typically indicated due to their ability to slow down the heart rate. Option C) Rheumatoid arthritis is not directly related to the use of beta-adrenergic blockers in the context of glaucoma treatment. Educationally, understanding contraindications and indications for medications is crucial for safe and effective nursing practice. This question highlights the importance of recognizing when a medication should not be used based on a patient's specific health history to prevent adverse outcomes. Nurses need to have a solid foundation in pharmacology to make informed decisions and provide quality patient care.