ATI RN
Core Concepts of Patient Family Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
Mr. and Mrs. Smith and their three children (ages 5, 8, and 10) are in therapy with the nurse psychotherapist. Mrs. Smith tells the nurse that their marriage has been 'falling apart' since the birth of their youngest child, Tom. She explains that they 'did not want a third child, and I became pregnant even after my husband had undergone a vasectomy. We were very angry, the pregnancy was a problematic one, and the child has been difficult since birth. We had problems before he was born, but since Tom was born, things have gone from bad to worse. No one can control him, and he is wrecking our family!' The nurse assesses that which of the following may be occurring in this family?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Scapegoating. Scapegoating occurs when one family member is blamed for the family's issues. In this case, Tom, the youngest child, is being blamed for the family's problems since his birth. Mrs. Smith explicitly states that they did not want a third child and that Tom has been difficult since birth. By blaming Tom for the family's issues, the family is using him as a scapegoat to avoid addressing their underlying problems. This behavior can negatively impact Tom's self-esteem and create further dysfunction within the family dynamics. Incorrect Choices: B: Triangling involves involving a third person in a conflict to avoid directly addressing the issue. While the family dynamics may involve triangulation, the primary issue here is scapegoating. C: Disengagement refers to emotional withdrawal and lack of involvement in family dynamics. This does not align with the scenario provided. D: Enmeshment is when boundaries between family members are blurred, leading to a
Question 2 of 5
Andrew, a New York City firefighter, and his entire unit responded to the terrorist attacks at the World Trade Center. Working as a team, he and his best friend, Carlo, entered the area together. Carlo was killed when the building collapsed. Andrew was injured, but survived. Since that time, Andrew has had frequent nightmares and anxiety attacks. He says to the mental health worker, 'I don’t know why Carlo had to die and I didn’t!' This statement by Andrew suggests that he is experiencing:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Survivor's guilt. Andrew's statement indicates feelings of guilt and confusion about why he survived while Carlo did not. Survivor's guilt is a common psychological response in individuals who have lived through a traumatic event where others did not. Andrew's frequent nightmares and anxiety attacks are also typical symptoms of survivor's guilt. A: Spiritual distress is not the correct answer in this scenario as Andrew's statement does not specifically reference any spiritual or religious beliefs or conflicts. B: Night terrors may be a symptom of Andrew's PTSD, but his statement about not understanding why he survived while Carlo did not suggests a deeper emotional struggle beyond just experiencing night terrors. D: Suicidal ideation is not the correct answer as Andrew's statement does not indicate any desire or intention to harm himself. Rather, he is expressing confusion and guilt about surviving the traumatic event.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reinforcing teaching on transmission of HIV for a family of a patient diagnosed with HIV. Which explanation by the nurse would be correct?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because HIV enters the body through breaks in the skin or mucous membranes, such as during unprotected sexual contact or sharing needles. This is crucial information for preventing transmission. Choice A is incorrect as HIV is not spread through casual contact. Choice B is incorrect because HIV does not live for long periods outside the body. Choice C is incorrect as tears and saliva do not typically transmit HIV. Understanding how HIV is transmitted helps in implementing effective prevention strategies.
Question 4 of 5
A patient who has HIV asks the nurse why blood work has to be done so frequently. Which response should the nurse make to the patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because monitoring CD4+ lymphocyte counts is crucial in managing HIV. CD4+ cells are the primary target of the HIV virus, and their count reflects the status of the immune system and disease progression. By tracking CD4+ levels, healthcare providers can determine the need for antiretroviral therapy and assess the effectiveness of treatment. Choice A is incorrect because B-lymphocytes are not typically used to monitor HIV progression. Choice B is incorrect as phagocytes are not specifically related to HIV disease progression. Choice C is incorrect as neutrophils are not the primary indicator for managing HIV.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse provides teaching on nevirapine (Viramune) for a patient who is HIV positive. Which patient statement indicates that teaching has been effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because monitoring for rash is a crucial aspect of nevirapine therapy due to the risk of severe skin reactions. This teaching is essential for the patient's safety and well-being. Option B is unrelated to nevirapine therapy. Option C is vague and not specific to nevirapine side effects. Option D is also important but less specific to nevirapine's adverse effects compared to monitoring for rash. Thus, the correct answer is A.