ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2019 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Modest improvement in the memory of patients with Alzheimer's disease may occur with drugs that increase transmission at which of the following receptors?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alzheimer's disease features cholinergic neuron loss, impairing memory via reduced acetylcholine signaling in the hippocampus and cortex. Drugs like acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (e.g., donepezil) boost cholinergic transmission by preventing acetylcholine breakdown, modestly improving memory and cognition in early stages. Adrenergic enhancement (e.g., via norepinephrine) affects arousal, not memory directly. Dopaminergic drugs treat Parkinson's, not Alzheimer's cognitive deficits. GABAergic drugs (e.g., benzodiazepines) inhibit cognition, worsening memory. Serotonergic agents target mood, not memory. The cholinergic deficit is a hallmark of Alzheimer's pathology, and augmenting this system remains a primary therapeutic strategy, validated by clinical outcomes.
Question 2 of 5
What is the e昀昀ect of Beta Blockers?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The effect of Beta Blockers is to decrease blood pressure and heart rate. Beta blockers work by blocking the action of adrenaline on beta receptors, leading to decreased heart rate and reduced force of contraction of the heart muscle. This results in a lowering of blood pressure, making beta blockers commonly prescribed for conditions such as hypertension, angina, and heart failure. Additionally, beta blockers are also used to manage certain arrhythmias and prevent heart attacks. Therefore, the correct answer is C - Decreases blood pressure and heart rate.
Question 3 of 5
During diuretic therapy, the nurse monitors the fluid and electrolyte status of the patient. Which assessment findings are symptoms of hyponatremia? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lethargy is A common symptom of hyponatremia, which is an electrolyte imbalance characterized by low sodium levels in The blood. This can lead to neurological symptoms such as confusion, weakness, and lethargy.
Question 4 of 5
A 22-year-old woman ingests an entire bottle of acetaminophen in an attempted suicide. She unexpectedly feels well; and when her boyfriend discovers what she has done, he takes her to the emergency department. Which of the following drugs should be given in the ER?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acetaminophen overdose needs acetylcysteine , replenishing glutathione to detoxify NAPQI, preventing liver damage. Aspirin , bicarbonate , fomepizole , and penicillamine (E) don't apply. Early administration reverses her silent toxicity.
Question 5 of 5
A 39-year-old man is a chronic alcoholic and is in and out of a rehabilitation center on a monthly basis. His physician administers a blocker of aldehyde dehydrogenase and the patient becomes violently ill with nausea, vomiting, chills, sweats, and hyperventilation. The same reaction occurs 1 week later after medication administration and was felt to be intolerable by the patient. Which of the following is the next best course of action to take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient's severe reaction to disulfiram (aldehyde dehydrogenase blocker) suggests alcohol exposure, making it intolerable. Option continues the issue. Option intentionally triggers the reaction, unethical. Option , discontinuing disulfiram and starting naltrexone, is correct-naltrexone reduces alcohol cravings via opioid receptor antagonism, offering a safer alternative. Option , alprazolam, treats anxiety but not alcoholism. Option (E), psychotherapy, lacks immediate pharmacotherapy. Naltrexone addresses the root addiction without aversive effects, aligning with the patient's intolerance and chronic relapse pattern.