Miss OB’s malignant tumor in her left breast was discovered to be spreading all over the surrounding and adjacent tissue and not entering the blood stream, it would be:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Malignant. A malignant tumor spreading to surrounding tissues indicates invasive growth, characteristic of malignancy. It is aggressive and can invade nearby structures. Non-malignant tumors are localized and do not invade surrounding tissues. Benign tumors are non-invasive and do not spread to other parts of the body. Choice D is incorrect because a tumor spreading to surrounding tissues is indicative of malignancy, not benignity.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because assessing for localized ischemia involves evaluating multiple factors. A: Assessing color and temperature helps determine perfusion. B: Checking capillary refill assesses circulation. C: Evaluating pulse rate indicates cardiac output. Doing all of the above provides a comprehensive assessment of arterial flow and potential ischemia. Other choices are incorrect as they do not cover all aspects necessary for a thorough assessment.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Assess apical heart before administering digitalis. This is important because digitalis can slow down the heart rate, so it is crucial to monitor the client's heart rate before giving the medication to prevent further decrease in cardiac output. Encouraging activities that engage the Valsalva maneuver (A) is contraindicated in clients with congestive heart failure as it can lead to increased intra-thoracic pressure and decreased venous return, worsening cardiac output. Encouraging the client to perform exercises (B) may also increase cardiac workload and exacerbate symptoms. Offering small frequent feedings (D) is generally beneficial for clients with congestive heart failure to prevent overeating and promote easier digestion, but it does not directly address the decreased cardiac output concern in this scenario.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Statement C indicates a misunderstanding that medication can be stopped when feeling better, which is incorrect. 2. Hypertension is a chronic condition that often requires lifelong medication. 3. This demonstrates a lack of understanding regarding the necessity of long-term management. 4. Statements A, B, and D show knowledge about hypertension's effects, dietary management, and awareness, respectively. Summary: Statement C is incorrect as it suggests stopping medication, while statements A, B, and D show accurate understanding of hypertension.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Break the task down into simple steps. This response is the best because it helps the patient by breaking down the task into manageable parts, making it less overwhelming and more achievable. By providing clear and simple steps, the patient can focus on one aspect at a time, reducing frustration and increasing the likelihood of successful completion. Choice A is incorrect because performing the task for the patient does not promote independence or skill development. Choice B is incorrect as it dismisses the patient's feelings of frustration without offering a solution. Choice D is incorrect because having another patient demonstrate may not address the specific needs and abilities of the recovering stroke patient.