ATI RN
Pediatric Neurology Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Migraine variants and complications include all of the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Migraine variants include cyclic vomiting , amaurosis fugax , alternating hemiplegia , and confusional stat, per ICHD-3, tied to migraine pathophysiology. Cluster headachare a distinct trigeminal-autonomic cephalalgia, not a migraine variant, with different featur(e.g., unilateral autonomic signs). This nosologic separation makes A the exception and correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
The grasp and rooting reflexare neonatal reflexthat disappear after six months of life, it may reappear later in life with acquired lesions of the
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Frontal lobe lesions cause reappearance of grasp and rooting reflexes, per neurology texts, due to loss of inhibitory control from prefrontal areas. These frontal release signs emerge in adults with dementia or stroke, not typically occipital (B, vision), parietal (C, sensation), temporal (D, memory), or cerebellar (E, coordination) damage. Neonatal reflexvanish by 6 months as cortex matures; their return signals frontal dysfunction. This localization, rooted in cortical maturation, makes A the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
Recoil (the readiness with which an arm or leg springs back to its original position after passive stretching and release) is essentially absent in
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Very premature infants (A, <32 weeks) lack recoil due to severe hypotonia from immature neuromuscular development, per neonatal assessment. Premature (B, 32-36 weeks) show some recoil; near-term and term infants have robust tone. Post-term may exaggerate it. Recoils absence in extreme prematurity, per NICU standards, makes A the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
During assessment of the neurological status of a 6-year-old boy, he was asked to smile, blow out his cheeks, blink forcibly, and furrow his forehead. The cranial nerve that is evaluated by doing the above maneuver is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cranial nerve VII (facial nerve, D) controls smiling, cheek puffing, blinking, and forehead furrowing, per neurologic exams. CN III , IV , and VI govern eye movements; VIII hearing. Facial nerve dysfunction (e.g., Bells palsy) impairs these, making D the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
During assessment of the neurological status of a 5-year-old boy, it revealed exaggerated knee reflex, with spread to contiguous areas. What is the approximate scale of this reflex?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Exaggerated knee reflex with spread is graded 3 , per reflex scales, indicating hyperreflexia beyond normal (2, C). Zero is absent; 1 reduced; 4 clonus. Spread suggests upper motor neuron issues, making 3 the correct answer.