ATI RN
NCLEX Questions for Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Methamoglobin is the oxidized form of Hemoglobin that cannot deliver oxygen and has a Bluish colour that imparts a Cyanotic hue to tissues. It appears when
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because both options A and B contribute to the formation of methemoglobin. In choice A, the genetic deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase leads to an accumulation of oxidative stress in red blood cells, causing the conversion of hemoglobin to methemoglobin. In choice B, asphyxiation can also lead to the formation of methemoglobin due to the lack of oxygen, which causes the iron in hemoglobin to oxidize. Therefore, the correct answer is D as both scenarios can result in the appearance of methemoglobin. Choices C is incorrect as diving does not directly lead to the formation of methemoglobin.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. The nurse is aware that neuromuscular disorders such as multiple sclerosis may lead to a decreased vital capacity. What does vital capacity measure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because vital capacity measures the maximal volume of air exhaled from the point of maximal inspiration. This measurement includes the tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume. A is incorrect because it describes tidal volume. B is incorrect because it describes total lung capacity. C is incorrect because it describes inspiratory capacity. Therefore, D is the most appropriate choice for measuring vital capacity accurately in a patient with neuromuscular disorders like multiple sclerosis.
Question 3 of 5
Any of the following may provoke an immune response except:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D Rationale: 1. An injury to tissue can lead to inflammation, activating the immune response. 2. Influenza virus is a foreign pathogen that triggers the immune system to produce antibodies. 3. Cancer cells can be recognized as foreign and targeted by the immune system. 4. Choice D is correct because all options (A, B, and C) can provoke an immune response due to tissue damage, pathogens, or abnormal cells.
Question 4 of 5
What pressure will be present in the space labeled '4'?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: intrapleural pressure. Intrapleural pressure refers to the pressure within the pleural cavity, which is the space between the lungs and chest wall. This pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure, allowing the lungs to remain inflated. In space labeled '4', the pressure should be intrapleural pressure since it represents the pleural cavity. A: Alveolar pressure is the pressure within the alveoli of the lungs, not in the pleural cavity. B: Interpleural pressure is not a term commonly used in respiratory physiology. C: Subalveolar pressure is not a recognized term in respiratory physiology.
Question 5 of 5
Each 100 ml of blood leaving the alveolar capillaries carries away roughly ________ ml of oxygen.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 20. The average human body consumes about 250 ml of oxygen per minute, and the lungs extract roughly one-fourth of this amount. Since the total cardiac output is around 5 liters per minute, and each liter of blood carries approximately 20 ml of oxygen, each 100 ml of blood leaving the alveolar capillaries would carry away roughly 20 ml of oxygen. Choice A (10 ml) is too low, as it does not account for the efficient oxygen extraction by the lungs. Choice C (30 ml) is too high, exceeding the typical oxygen-carrying capacity of blood. Choice D (50 ml) is also too high, as it overestimates the amount of oxygen carried by each 100 ml of blood.