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Drugs Affecting the Female Reproductive System Quizlet Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
Metformin acts by:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metformin acts by suppressing gluconeogenesis and glucose output from the liver. It inhibits the enzyme responsible for gluconeogenesis, reducing glucose production. This leads to decreased blood glucose levels. Other choices are incorrect because metformin does not directly affect insulin release, insulin receptor upregulation, or insulin degradation.
Question 2 of 5
Corticosteroids exert antiinflammatory action by inhibiting the following enzyme:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lipoxygenase. Corticosteroids inhibit the enzyme lipoxygenase, which is responsible for the production of leukotrienes, potent mediators of inflammation. By inhibiting lipoxygenase, corticosteroids reduce inflammation. Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect: A: Cyclooxygenase - Corticosteroids do not directly inhibit cyclooxygenase, which is the enzyme targeted by NSAIDs like aspirin and ibuprofen. C: Phospholipase - Corticosteroids primarily inhibit phospholipase A2, not phospholipase, to reduce the production of arachidonic acid. D: A - This choice is unclear and does not specify a particular enzyme. Therefore, it is not a valid answer.
Question 3 of 5
Dexamethasone differs from prednisolone in that it is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Dexamethasone is a long-acting glucocorticoid, providing sustained anti-inflammatory effects. Step 2: It is more potent than prednisolone, requiring lower doses for similar effects. Step 3: Dexamethasone is more selective, with higher affinity for glucocorticoid receptors. Step 4: Therefore, the correct answer is D, as it accurately describes the differences between dexamethasone and prednisolone. Summary: Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because dexamethasone possesses all these characteristics, making it a more effective glucocorticoid compared to prednisolone.
Question 4 of 5
For limiting cerebral edema due to brain tumour, the preferred corticosteroids are betamethasone/dexamethasone because:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Corticosteroids like betamethasone/dexamethasone are preferred for cerebral edema as they do not cause Na+ and water retention. 2. This is crucial in managing cerebral edema as fluid retention can worsen the condition. 3. Other choices are incorrect: B is not relevant to edema treatment, C is a common route for corticosteroid administration, and D is not the mechanism of action for corticosteroids in this case.
Question 5 of 5
The following measure can minimise pituitary-adrenal suppression during long-term corticosteroid therapy:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Division of the daily dose in three equal 8-hourly doses. Dividing the daily dose helps maintain more stable blood levels of corticosteroids, reducing the risk of pituitary-adrenal suppression. By spreading the dose evenly throughout the day, the body is less likely to experience sudden peaks and troughs in cortisol levels. This approach mimics the body's natural cortisol production pattern, promoting a more balanced hormonal environment. Explanation for other choices: A: Using betamethasone instead of prednisolone does not address the issue of minimizing pituitary-adrenal suppression. B: Using prednisolone on alternate days may lead to fluctuating cortisol levels, which can contribute to pituitary-adrenal suppression. D: Administering the total daily dose at bedtime does not provide the consistent cortisol levels needed to minimize pituitary-adrenal suppression.