Metabolic rate is high in:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Metabolic rate is high in pregnancy due to increased energy demands for fetal growth. After a heavy meal, metabolic rate increases to process and digest food. Hypothyroidism actually slows down metabolic rate. Option D is correct because both pregnancy and postprandial state increase metabolic rate, while hypothyroidism decreases it.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pancreas. The pancreas is an accessory organ of digestion that produces insulin. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. The pancreas also produces digestive enzymes that help break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. A: Liver - The liver is not an organ that produces insulin. It plays a role in metabolism and detoxification. B: Stomach - The stomach is not involved in producing insulin. It primarily functions in the digestion of food. D: Gallbladder - The gallbladder stores and releases bile, which aids in digestion. It does not produce insulin.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Surgical incision is healing normally. This is the best indicator of adequate nutrition post-abdominal surgery in a malnourished patient receiving PN. Adequate nutrition supports wound healing, so a normally healing incision indicates sufficient protein and calories for tissue repair. Other choices are incorrect because: A) Serum albumin level may take longer to reflect changes in nutrition status, B) Fluid balance does not directly reflect nutritional status, and C) Incomplete answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Alcohol use. Alcohol is a significant risk factor for acute pancreatitis as it can lead to inflammation and damage to the pancreas. The nurse will specifically ask about alcohol use to assess the potential cause of the pancreatitis. Diabetes (A), high-protein diet (C), and cigarette smoking (D) are not typically primary risk factors for acute pancreatitis, although smoking may exacerbate existing conditions. Therefore, the nurse's focus should be on identifying alcohol use as it directly correlates with the development of acute pancreatitis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Tonsils are lymphoid tissues located in the oral and nasal pharynx, and the root of the tongue. 2. The frenulum is a small fold of tissue under the tongue, not known to contain tonsils. 3. Therefore, the area around the frenulum does not contain tonsils. Summary: A is correct because tonsils are not found around the frenulum. B, C, and D are incorrect as they are known locations of tonsils in the oral and nasal pharynx and the root of the tongue.