Menses typically begins 2.5 years after the onset of puberty at an average age of

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Menarche generally occurs about 2.5 years after thelarche, averaging around 12.5 years.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Dermal erythropoiesis refers to extramedullary hematopoiesis in the skin, causing a characteristic blueberry muffin appearance

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Early postnatal dexamethasone is associated with adverse effects such as metabolic derangements, poor growth, and increased infection risk, but it is not directly linked to cerebral palsy. The other options are known risks.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Immobilization prevents venom spread and is the best immediate treatment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Cardiogenic shock leads to increased central venous pressure due to heart failure, while hypovolemic and septic shock cause a drop in CVP due to fluid loss or vasodilation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Enteroviruses, including Coxsackie and Echoviruses, are the most frequent cause of viral encephalitis worldwide, affecting both children and adults.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Primary nocturnal enuresis is generally not linked to emotional disorders but instead to factors like genetics, bladder capacity, or nighttime urine production.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Aspirin is not a common cause of serum sickness, unlike the other options listed.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Pseudoephedrine is a nasal decongestant that relieves congestion by vasoconstriction.