_________ may be ordered for residents following surgery and is used to flush out a urinary catheter.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Continuous bladder irrigation. Following surgery, continuous bladder irrigation is typically ordered to flush out a urinary catheter and prevent blockages or infections. This process involves a continuous flow of sterile solution into the bladder through the catheter. The solution helps to keep the catheter clear and maintain urinary drainage. A: Indwelling catheter care involves routine maintenance and cleaning of the catheter but does not involve flushing out the catheter with a continuous flow of solution. B: Straight catheterization is a one-time procedure to drain the bladder and is not used for continuous flushing of the catheter. D: Bladder retraining is a technique used to improve bladder control and does not involve flushing out a urinary catheter.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Trachea. The trachea is an air passage that connects the pharynx to the bronchi, allowing air to pass into the lungs. The epiglottis (choice A) is a flap of tissue that prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing. Sphincter (choice C) refers to a ring-like muscle that controls the opening and closing of a passage, not an air passage itself. Ventricle (choice D) is a term used in the context of the heart for one of the chambers that pumps blood, not related to the air passage.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pupil. The pupil is the part of the eye that opens and closes to regulate the amount of light entering the eye. It is controlled by the iris, which is a circular muscle surrounding the pupil. The other choices, A: Sclera, is the white outer layer of the eye that provides structure and protection. B: Iris, controls the size of the pupil and gives the eye its color. D: Cornea, is the transparent outer layer that helps focus incoming light onto the retina. Thus, the correct answer is C as it directly relates to the function of adjusting to light.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Excessive urination. In diabetes, high blood sugar levels lead to increased urine production, causing frequent urination. This is known as polyuria, a common symptom of diabetes. Excessive urination can result in dehydration. Choices A, B, and D are not signs of diabetes. Moist firm skin and unexplained weight gain are not typical symptoms, while low blood pressure is not directly related to diabetes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: On her hands and arms. When using crutches, weight should be concentrated on the hands and arms to provide support and stability. Placing weight on thighs (A) can lead to discomfort and poor balance. Placing weight on underarms (B) can cause nerve damage and discomfort. Placing weight on shoulders (D) can strain the shoulders and lead to pain and injury. Placing weight on hands and arms is the most effective and safe way to distribute weight while using crutches.