_________ may be ordered for residents following surgery and is used to flush out a urinary catheter.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Continuous bladder irrigation. This procedure involves continuously flushing the bladder with a sterile solution to prevent blood clot formation and maintain catheter patency post-surgery. It helps in monitoring urine output and preventing urinary retention. A: Indwelling catheter care involves routine maintenance of the catheter but does not involve continuous flushing. B: Straight catheterization is a one-time procedure to empty the bladder, not for continuous flushing. D: Bladder retraining is a process to improve bladder control, not related to post-operative catheter care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Trachea. The trachea is an air passage that connects the pharynx to the bronchi, allowing air to pass into the lungs. The epiglottis (A) is a flap of tissue that covers the trachea during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway. Sphincter (C) refers to a ring-like muscle that controls the opening and closing of a passage, not specifically related to the airway. Ventricle (D) is a term used to describe a chamber within an organ, such as the heart, and is not part of the respiratory system.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pupil. The pupil is the opening in the center of the iris through which light enters the eye. It dilates or constricts to regulate the amount of light entering the eye, thus adjusting to different lighting conditions. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Sclera is the tough, white outer layer of the eyeball that helps maintain the eye's shape. B: Iris is the colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil. D: Cornea is the transparent outer covering of the eye that helps focus light onto the retina.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Excessive urination. This is a classic symptom of diabetes, known as polyuria, caused by high blood sugar levels leading to increased urine production. Excessive urination is a result of the kidneys trying to eliminate the excess glucose from the body through urine. A: Moist firm skin is not a sign of diabetes. B: Unexplained weight gain is more commonly associated with conditions like hypothyroidism, not diabetes. D: Low blood pressure is not a typical sign of diabetes; high blood pressure is more commonly associated with the condition.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: On her hands and arms. When using crutches, weight should be concentrated on the hands and arms to provide support and stability. Placing weight on the underarms (choice B) can lead to nerve damage. Thighs (choice A) are not capable of bearing weight effectively. Shoulders (choice D) are not designed to bear weight in this way and can lead to strain and discomfort. Overall, placing weight on the hands and arms allows for proper weight distribution and minimizes the risk of injury.