ATI RN
Genetic Pediatric Questions
Question 1 of 5
Matching: Vulvovaginitis - Associated
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ‘Associated’ is vague, but Enterobiasis (A, pinworms) is commonly linked to vulvovaginitis in children via perineal migration. Rationale: Molluscum (B) and lice (C) are skin-specific; Shigella (D) and Streptococcus (E) cause bacterial vaginitis, but pinworms are a frequent pediatric association.
Question 2 of 5
All these facts are true about human genome EXCEPT
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The human genome has ~3.1 billion base pairs (A), ~20,000–25,000 genes (B), and non-coding 'junk' DNA doesn’t directly form proteins (D). Only ~1.5–2% is coding DNA, not 60% (C is false). Rationale: Most DNA is non-coding, with regulatory or unknown roles.
Question 3 of 5
Clinical symptoms in Marfan Syndrome (MFS) mostly involve three systems: cardiac, ophthalmologic, and skeletal. The treatment that is slowing the aortic dilatation and may prevent aortic dissection is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Losartan (A), an ARB, reduces aortic root dilatation in MFS. Rationale: It targets TGF-β signaling (FBN1 defect); beta-blockers like atenolol (B) are older options.
Question 4 of 5
Polygenic inheritance (multifactorial) disorders result from the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. All the following considered as polygenic inheritance EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cleft lip (A), spina bifida (B), asthma (C),; hairy ear (D) is simpler, often Y-linked or single-gene. Rationale: Polygenic traits involve multiple genes plus environment.
Question 5 of 5
Teratogenic agents are chemical, physical, or biologic agents that have the potential to damage embryonic tissue and result in congenital malformations. The rate of birth defects caused by teratogens is about
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Teratogens cause ~6% of birth defects (B). Rationale: Most defects (~65%) are unknown etiology; genetic (~20%) and teratogens (~6%) are smaller fractions.