ATI RN
Immune System Quiz Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Match the immunoglobulins with their primary functions:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1-C, 2-A, 3-B, 4-D. Immunoglobulins are antibodies with different functions: 1. IgG (C) - Main antibody in secondary immune response. 2. IgA (A) - Found in mucosal areas, neutralizes pathogens. 3. IgM (B) - First antibody produced in primary immune response. 4. IgE (D) - Involved in allergic reactions and defense against parasites. Other choices are incorrect as they mismatch the immunoglobulins with their functions.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse notes that a patient's eosinophil level is elevated. For which health problem should the nurse plan care for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The elevated eosinophil level indicates an allergic reaction. Eosinophils are white blood cells involved in allergic responses. They increase in response to allergens. Allergic reactions involve the immune system's response to harmless substances, triggering the release of eosinophils. Cancer, acute viral infections, and autoimmune diseases typically do not directly cause eosinophil elevation. Therefore, the correct answer is B (Allergic reactions).
Question 3 of 5
During data collection, the nurse learns the patient is allergic to shellfish. Which precautions should be implemented during the patient's hospitalization?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: 1. The correct answer is D because it addresses the essential action of noting the patient's allergy on the medical record and communicating it to all caretakers to prevent inadvertent exposure. 2. Choice A is not necessary unless the patient's allergy poses an infection control risk that warrants isolation. 3. Choice B is excessive and not required as long as cross-contamination is prevented during food preparation. 4. Choice C is unrelated to the patient's shellfish allergy and not a standard precaution in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
Who accidentally identified the antimicrobial action of penicillin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Alexander Fleming. Fleming discovered the antimicrobial action of penicillin in 1928 through his experiment with Staphylococcus bacteria. He noticed that mold from a contaminated petri dish inhibited the growth of the bacteria. Robert Koch (A) is known for his work in identifying specific bacteria causing diseases. Richard Petri (B) is not a known figure in the field of microbiology. Louis Pasteur (D) is famous for his germ theory and pasteurization, but he did not discover penicillin's antimicrobial action. Therefore, based on historical evidence and Fleming's specific contribution to microbiology, choice C is the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
Which of these are a type of mutation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: recombination. Recombination is a type of mutation that involves the exchange of genetic material between two DNA molecules. This process can lead to genetic variation and evolution. Base substitution (A) is a point mutation where one base is replaced by another. Translocation (B) involves the movement of a segment of DNA to another location in the genome. Insertion sequences (C) are short segments of DNA that can move within the genome but are not considered a type of mutation. Recombination (D) is the only choice directly related to a type of mutation involving the exchange of genetic material.