ATI RN
Pediatric Immunization Test Questions Questions
Question 1 of 4
Mast cell arachidonic acid metabolites include cyclo-oxygenase, which produces prostaglandins that stimulate and increase of smooth muscle in the gut and bronchi. Metabolites also include leukotrienes, which have a effect than prostaglandins.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prostaglandins cause vasodilation and smooth muscle contraction, while leukotrienes have a faster, more potent effect on inflammation and constriction.
Question 2 of 4
Pathogens can evade the immune system through antigenic drift, which is a mutation that leaves existing antibodies and antigenic shift, which is a mutation that leaves existing antibodies
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antigenic drift involves minor mutations reducing antibody efficacy, while antigenic shift involves major changes rendering antibodies ineffective.
Question 3 of 4
A male patient presents with severe and recurrent bacterial infections. Lab work confirms the patient is only infected with certain bacteria due to a mutation in a gene for NADPH oxidase. Which of the following is the most likely?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: CGD, caused by NADPH oxidase mutations, leads to severe infections with catalase-positive bacteria.
Question 4 of 4
A male infant presents with decreased levels of IgA, IgG, and IgE. History reveals recurrent bacterial infections and severe diarrhea. A mutation on CD40L (CD154) on T cells is suspected. Which of the following is the most likely?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hyper IgM syndrome, often due to CD40L mutations, prevents class switching, reducing IgA, IgG, and IgE levels.