Mark each of the following statements as therapeutic or nontherapeutic. d. "What are the pros and cons of surgery?"

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because asking about the pros and cons of surgery is therapeutic. It allows the client to explore the benefits and risks, make informed decisions, and feel empowered in their healthcare choices. It encourages open communication and shared decision-making between the client and healthcare provider. Choice B is incorrect because seeking information about treatment options is a crucial part of the therapeutic process. Choices C and D are not applicable as they do not provide any information on whether the statement is therapeutic or nontherapeutic.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bridging. After total hip arthroplasty using an anterior approach, bridging should be avoided to prevent excessive stress on the hip joint. Bridging involves lifting the pelvis off the ground while lying on the back, which can strain the hip joint and potentially lead to dislocation. Adduction crossing midline can also stress the hip joint. Sitting on a regular toilet seat and crossing legs are acceptable postures as long as proper precautions are taken to avoid excessive hip flexion or internal rotation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cremasteric reflex. L2 nerve root compression affects the genitofemoral nerve, leading to loss of the cremasteric reflex. The cremasteric reflex is elicited by stroking the inner thigh, causing the ipsilateral testicle to elevate. This reflex is absent in L2 nerve root compression due to disruption in the sensory or motor pathways. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are associated with different nerve roots and reflexes not affected by L2 compression.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Intercostobrachial nerve. During a mastectomy, the intercostobrachial nerve is often damaged, leading to postmastectomy pain syndrome. This nerve runs along the chest and upper arm, making it susceptible to injury during the surgery. The suprascapular nerve (B) innervates the shoulder joint, the musculocutaneous nerve (C) innervates the muscles of the anterior arm, and the axillary nerve (D) innervates the deltoid and teres minor muscles, none of which are directly affected during a mastectomy. Thus, these choices are incorrect.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of vital signs assessment in nursing, understanding the appropriate use of modalities like microwave diathermy is crucial for providing safe and effective care to patients. The correct answer is D) All of the above. Microwave diathermy is indicated for increasing heat to muscles, joints, and resolving hematomas. This modality uses electromagnetic waves to generate heat deep within tissues, promoting vasodilation, increasing blood flow, and aiding in pain relief and tissue healing. Option A) Increase heat to muscles is correct because microwave diathermy can penetrate deep into muscle tissue, providing therapeutic heat that can help relax muscles, reduce pain, and improve circulation. Option B) Resolution of hematomas is correct because the heat generated by microwave diathermy can accelerate the breakdown of blood clots and promote reabsorption of the hematoma, aiding in faster resolution. Option C) Increase heat to joints is correct because microwave diathermy can be used to deliver heat to joints, helping to reduce pain, stiffness, and inflammation associated with conditions like arthritis. It is important for nurses to be knowledgeable about the indications, contraindications, and appropriate use of modalities like microwave diathermy to ensure patient safety and optimal outcomes. By understanding the physiological effects and therapeutic benefits of this modality, nurses can make informed decisions in providing holistic care to patients with musculoskeletal conditions.