ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice A Questions
Question 1 of 5
Mannitol (Osmitrol), an osmotic diuretic, is contraindicated to which conditions? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mannitol is contraindicated in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma. It can exacerbate the condition by causing an increase in intraocular pressure, leading to potential vision damage or loss. Therefore, caution should be exercised and alternative treatments considered for patients with narrow-angle glaucoma when considering the use of mannitol.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is being discharged on anticoagulant therapy. The nurse will include in the patient- education conversation that it is important to avoid herbal products that contain which substance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ginkgo is the herbal product to avoid because it can interact with anticoagulant therapy and increase the risk of bleeding. Ginkgo has blood-thinning properties, which can further potentiate the anticoagulant effects of medications like warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding complications. It's essential for patients on anticoagulant therapy to avoid herbal products containing ginkgo to prevent adverse effects and ensure the effectiveness of their prescribed medication.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a new prescription for a HMG-CoA (statin) drug is instructed to take the
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The best response among the options provided is "This timeframe correlates better with the natural diurnal rhythm of cholesterol production." Statins work by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme responsible for cholesterol production in the liver. Cholesterol synthesis follows a diurnal rhythm, with higher levels produced at night. Therefore, taking a statin medication in the evening aligns with the body's natural pattern of cholesterol synthesis, optimizing the drug's effectiveness. This explanation helps the patient understand the rationale behind the timing of taking the medication and promotes better adherence to the prescribed regimen.
Question 4 of 5
When administering heparin subcutaneously, the nurse will follow which procedure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When administering heparin subcutaneously, the nurse should use a - to -inch, 25- to 30-gauge needle to inject the medication into the subcutaneous tissue. This needle size is appropriate for delivering the medication effectively and safely in the subcutaneous layer rather than deeper into the muscle. Using the correct needle size helps ensure proper absorption and reduces the risk of complications such as bleeding or bruising at the injection site.
Question 5 of 5
Phenytoin is an antiarrhythmic and anticonvulsant that has an unlabeled use for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenytoin is primarily known as an antiarrhythmic and anticonvulsant medication. However, it also has an unlabeled or off-label use for the management of neuropathic pain. Neuropathic pain is a condition that arises from damage or dysfunction affecting the nerves and can be challenging to treat. Phenytoin's mechanism of action in the central nervous system makes it potentially effective for neuropathic pain conditions, even though it is not its primary indication. It can help alleviate nerve-related pain, such as that associated with conditions like diabetic neuropathy or post-herpetic neuralgia. It is important to note that using medications for off-label purposes should be done under the guidance of a healthcare professional familiar with the drug's properties and potential side effects.