ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Management of hypercalcemia includes all of the following actions except administration of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: While furosemide can increase calcium excretion through the kidneys, it may also exacerbate volume depletion and potentially lead to further increase in serum calcium levels. Therefore, administration of furosemide without proper saline or fluid replacement should be avoided in the management of hypercalcemia. The other options mentioned, such as giving fluids to dilute calcium levels, using inorganic phosphate salts, and providing intravenous phosphate therapy, are all appropriate measures in treating hypercalcemia.
Question 2 of 5
If a client's parathyroid glands were accidentally removed during a procedure, which condition should the nurse prepare for?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The parathyroid glands play a crucial role in regulating calcium levels in the body. If the parathyroid glands are accidentally removed during a procedure, the patient is at risk for developing hypocalcemia due to the lack of parathyroid hormone (PTH) production. PTH helps to maintain normal calcium levels in the blood by stimulating the release of calcium from the bones, increasing calcium absorption in the intestines, and reducing calcium excretion by the kidneys. Without PTH, the body's ability to regulate calcium is impaired, leading to low calcium levels, which is known as hypocalcemia. Symptoms of hypocalcemia can include muscle cramps, spasms, and tingling sensations. Nurses should be prepared to monitor for and manage hypocalcemia in a patient who has had their parathyroid glands accidentally removed during a procedure.
Question 3 of 5
In which of the ff circumstances should a nurse avoid using midline and mid clavicular sites for IV therapy? Choose all that apply.
Correct Answer: a
Rationale: In pediatric nursing practice, the choice of IV sites is crucial for ensuring safe and effective delivery of medications and fluids. In this scenario, the correct answer is A) To administer solutions with a pH greater than 5 and less than 9. Midline and mid-clavicular sites are peripheral venous access points that are not suitable for administering solutions with extreme pH levels as they can cause irritation, phlebitis, and tissue damage. Option B) To administer antineoplastic chemotherapy should be avoided in midline and mid-clavicular sites because these medications are vesicants and can lead to severe tissue damage and necrosis if extravasation occurs. It is safer to administer antineoplastic agents through central venous access. Option C) To administer slow, low-volume infusions can be done safely through midline and mid-clavicular sites as long as the pH of the solution is within an acceptable range and the infusion rate is appropriate for peripheral access. Option D) To administer high-pressure bolus injections should also be avoided in midline and mid-clavicular sites due to the risk of damaging the vein or causing infiltration. Educationally, understanding the limitations and appropriate use of different IV access sites is essential for pediatric nurses to provide safe and effective care to their patients. Nurses need to consider factors such as pH of solutions, medication properties, infusion rates, and pressure levels when selecting the most suitable IV site for each situation. This knowledge helps prevent complications, ensures optimal drug delivery, and promotes positive patient outcomes.
Question 4 of 5
A 17-year-old student enters the emergency department with a nosebleed that won't quit. Which of the following positions is recommended for the patient with a nosebleed?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The recommended position for a patient with a nosebleed is sitting up and leaning slightly forward. This position helps prevent blood from flowing down the back of the throat, which can cause gagging, choking, or vomiting. Leaning forward also helps to prevent blood from accumulating in the sinuses, reducing the risk of aspiration. Additionally, this position allows easy access to apply pressure to the nostrils to help stop the bleeding. It is essential to avoid lying down or tilting the head back, as this can lead to swallowing blood and potentially cause further complications.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following risk factors presents the greatest threat for respiratory disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Smoking presents the greatest threat for respiratory disease among the given options. Cigarette smoke contains harmful chemicals that can damage the lungs and airways, leading to conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and other respiratory disorders. Smoking is a well-known and established risk factor for a wide range of respiratory diseases and is considered one of the leading causes of preventable death worldwide. Therefore, quitting smoking and avoiding exposure to secondhand smoke is crucial for maintaining respiratory health.