ATI RN
Musculoskeletal Pediatrics Questions
Question 1 of 5
Maintenance fluids are composed of a solution of water, glucose, sodium, potassium, and chloride. How much of the normal caloric needs of the patient is provided by glucose in maintenance fluids?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Standard maintenance fluids (e.g., 5% dextrose) provide about 20% of caloric needs via glucose, a common medical practice.
Question 2 of 5
Most erythema multiforme (EM) cases in children are precipitated by herpes simplex virus infection, though the infection may no longer be apparent by the time EM develops. Mycoplasma pneumoniae and other infectious organisms may also trigger EM.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erythema multiforme is an acute, immune-mediated condition often triggered by herpes simplex virus in children, though Mycoplasma pneumoniae is another common cause.
Question 3 of 5
In developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), the hip may develop muscular contractures, preventing positive Ortolani tests after the age of
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: After 6 months, contractures in DDH can prevent the Ortolani maneuver from detecting hip dislocation.
Question 4 of 5
Infants are born with maximum genu varum. The lower extremity straightens out around the age of
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Physiologic genu varum (bowlegs) typically resolves by 24 months as the legs straighten with growth.
Question 5 of 5
A young athlete develops heel pain with activity that decreases with rest; he is limping with no swelling. He has pain to palpation of the posterior calcaneus and tight heel cords. Infection and tumor were excluded by radiographs. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sever disease (calcaneal apophysitis) is common in young athletes with heel pain from growth plate stress.