ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Macrocytosis is a characteristic of all except:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Macrocytosis is characterized by enlarged red blood cells. In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), macrocytosis is not a typical finding. The other conditions listed - anemia of myxedema, methotrexate-induced macrocytosis, and macrocytosis due to chronic alcoholism-induced liver disease - are associated with macrocytosis due to various underlying mechanisms. Therefore, the correct answer is D, as macrocytosis is not a characteristic feature of SLE.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with leukemia has developed stomatitis and is experiencing a nutritional deficit. An oral anesthetic has consequently been prescribed. What health education should the nurse provide to the patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chew with care to avoid inadvertently biting the tongue. Stomatitis causes inflammation in the mouth, making it painful to eat. By chewing carefully, the patient can prevent accidentally biting the tongue or cheek, which can worsen the pain. Using the oral anesthetic before meals (choice B) may provide some relief, but the key is to prevent further injury. Brushing teeth before and after eating (choice C) and swallowing slowly (choice D) do not directly address the issue of preventing accidental bites and are not as essential for managing stomatitis.
Question 3 of 5
An adult patient has presented to the health clinic with a complaint of a firm, painless cervical lymph node. The patient denies any recent infectious diseases. What is the nurse's most appropriate response to the patient's complaint?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Promptly refer the patient for medical assessment. A firm, painless cervical lymph node in an adult without recent infectious diseases raises concerns for potential underlying serious conditions such as malignancy. Referring the patient for medical assessment allows for further evaluation, including physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies if necessary, to determine the cause of the lymphadenopathy. This prompt referral is crucial for timely diagnosis and appropriate management. Summary: A: Calling 911 is not warranted as the patient is stable and does not have an emergency medical condition. C: Facilitating a radiograph may not provide sufficient information for evaluating the lymph node and delays definitive assessment. D: Encouraging the patient to wait and track the lymph node size can lead to delayed diagnosis and potentially worsening of the underlying condition.
Question 4 of 5
An older adult patient is undergoing diagnostic testing for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). What assessment finding is certain to be present if the patient has CLL?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. CLL is characterized by the proliferation of abnormal lymphocytes. 2. Increased lymphocyte levels are a hallmark of CLL due to the accumulation of these abnormal cells. 3. Lymphocytosis is a key diagnostic feature in CLL. 4. Other choices are incorrect because blast cells are characteristic of acute leukemia, bone pain is more common in multiple myeloma, and thrombocytopenia with no bleeding is not a specific finding in CLL. Summary: Increased lymphocyte levels are certain to be present in a patient with CLL due to the abnormal proliferation of lymphocytes. Other choices are incorrect as they do not align with the characteristic features of CLL.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who recently started alteplase therapy. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Headache. Alteplase is a thrombolytic medication that can cause cerebral bleeding, leading to headaches. Monitoring for headaches is crucial as it can indicate a serious adverse effect. Bronchodilation (A) is not associated with alteplase therapy. Edema (C) is not a common adverse effect of alteplase. Hypertension (D) is a potential adverse effect, but it is not as specific or common as headaches in this context.