Macario had coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery 3 days ago. Which of the following conditions is suspected by the nurse when a decrease in platelet count from 230,000 ul to 5,000 ul is noted?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Heparin-associated thrombosis and thrombocytopenia (HATT). Following CABG surgery, patients are at risk for developing HATT due to the use of heparin as anticoagulant. The sudden decrease in platelet count from 230,000 to 5,000 suggests heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), a condition where the immune system activates platelets in response to heparin, leading to platelet destruction and thrombosis. Pancytopenia (choice A) is a reduction in all blood cell types, not specific to platelets. Idiopathic thrombocytopemic purpura (ITP) (choice B) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by low platelets, but not typically associated with recent surgery. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (choice C) involves widespread clotting leading to platelet consumption, but the rapid decrease

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: A decreased TSH level. In hyperthyroidism, there is an overproduction of thyroid hormones, leading to a negative feedback loop that suppresses the release of TSH from the pituitary gland. Therefore, a decreased TSH level is indicative of hyperthyroidism. Rationale: 1. A: No increase in TSH level after 30 minutes during TSH stimulation test - In hyperthyroidism, the TSH level would already be low, so no increase would be expected. 2. C: An increase in TSH level after 30 minutes during TSH stimulation test - This contradicts the pathophysiology of hyperthyroidism where TSH is suppressed. 3. D: Below-normal levels of serum T3 and T4 - While low T3 and T4 levels can occur in hypothyroidism, in hyperthyroidism, there is typically an excess of these hormones. In summary, a decreased TSH

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pneumothorax. In this scenario, the absence of breath sounds in the upper lobe of the lung field indicates a possible pneumothorax, where air enters the pleural space causing lung collapse. This condition is common in trauma cases like motor vehicle accidents. Bronchitis (A) and pneumonia (B) typically present with abnormal breath sounds but not the absence of breath sounds in a specific lobe. Tuberculosis (D) would not cause sudden absence of breath sounds in a specific lobe.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Night sweat. Night sweats are a common early symptom of Hodgkin's disease, particularly in stage 1. This can be due to the body's response to the cancer cells. Pericarditis (A) is inflammation of the lining around the heart and is not typically an early symptom of Hodgkin's disease. Splenomegaly (C) is enlargement of the spleen, which can occur in later stages of the disease. Persistent hypothermia (D) is not a common symptom of Hodgkin's disease. Night sweats are a key indicator for healthcare providers to consider further evaluation for Hodgkin's disease.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide frequent mouthwash with normal saline. Normal saline is a gentle and effective solution for promoting oral hygiene and comfort in stomatitis. It helps to cleanse the mouth, reduce inflammation, and provide relief. Frequent mouthwash with normal saline helps to keep the oral cavity clean and maintain moisture without causing irritation. Summary: - Choice B: Applying viscous Lidocaine may provide temporary pain relief but does not address oral hygiene. - Choice C: Lemon glycerine swabs can be irritating to oral ulcers and may worsen the condition. - Choice D: Rinsing the mouth with Hydrogen Peroxide can be too harsh and may further irritate the oral ulcers.