ATI RN
Respiratory System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Low pH alters hemoglobin structure so that oxygen binds less strongly to hemoglobin at low PO2. This increases the effectiveness of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Low pH (acidic conditions) causes hemoglobin to release oxygen more readily, enhancing oxygen delivery to tissues during internal respiration. External respiration (A) involves gas exchange in the lungs, not affected by pH. Carbon dioxide transport (C) is influenced by pH, but not directly related to oxygen binding. Hemoglobin synthesis (D) is the production of hemoglobin molecules, not influenced by pH during oxygen binding. Therefore, the correct answer is B as low pH primarily affects oxygen release during internal respiration.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is a common symptom of heart failure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Persistent coughing. In heart failure, fluid may accumulate in the lungs, leading to a persistent cough. High blood pressure (A) is a risk factor for heart failure but not a symptom. Excessive weight loss (C) is not a typical symptom of heart failure; instead, patients may experience weight gain due to fluid retention. Increased energy levels (D) are unlikely in heart failure, as fatigue and weakness are common symptoms. Therefore, the most common symptom of heart failure among the choices given is persistent coughing.
Question 3 of 5
The amount of air normally inhaled or exhaled with one normal breath
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tidal volume. Tidal volume is the amount of air normally inhaled or exhaled with one normal breath. It represents the typical volume of air moved in and out of the lungs during normal breathing. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Expiratory reserve volume is the additional amount of air that can be exhaled after a normal exhalation; C) Residual volume is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum exhalation; D) Total lung capacity is the sum of all lung volumes, including tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, and residual volume.
Question 4 of 5
The anatomical position of hilum
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The hilum is the region where blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics enter and exit an organ. The anatomical position of the hilum can vary depending on the organ. For example, in the lungs, the hilum is located in the mediastinal surface between the lungs, around the level of the 6th to 7th thoracic vertebrae. Therefore, option D, "all of these," is correct because it encompasses the different anatomical positions of the hilum in various organs. Options A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not fully capture the diverse locations of the hilum in different anatomical contexts.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is educating an asthma patient about proper use of the peak flowmeter. The nurse determines that the patient needs further teaching when observing which action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because breathing deeply through the mouthpiece can lead to incorrect peak flow readings. To explain further, deep breathing can artificially inflate the lungs and result in a higher peak flow reading than the patient's actual lung function. Therefore, this action would not provide an accurate assessment of the patient's peak flow. A: Repeating the procedure and obtaining three readings is correct as it helps ensure accuracy and consistency. C: Standing while performing the test is acceptable and does not affect the accuracy of the peak flow reading. D: Reporting the highest reading on the peak flow sheet is appropriate as it reflects the patient's best effort.