Low maternal serum α-fetoprotein (MSAFP) is associated with

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Pediatric Nursing Practice Questions Questions

Question 1 of 5

Low maternal serum α-fetoprotein (MSAFP) is associated with

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Low MSAFP is associated with chromosomal abnormalities such as trisomy 21 (Down syndrome). Elevated MSAFP is more commonly associated with neural tube defects and abdominal wall defects.

Question 2 of 5

A 3-month-old, former 29-week-premature infant has been scheduled for repair of bilateral inguinal hernias. The infant had received mechanical ventilation for the first 6 days of life and had apnea of prematurity that resolved 5 weeks ago. The infant is feeding well and gaining weight and has no requirement for supplemental oxygen. The hematocrit is 28. The HMO clerk approves the surgery on an outpatient basis. All of the following are true EXCEPT

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Even after spinal anesthesia, premature infants are at risk for apnea and require monitoring, making outpatient discharge unsafe.

Question 3 of 5

A 13-year-old adolescent female attained out-patient department (OPD), with a complaint of feeling fat especially over the stomach and thighs; she is also feeling cold, tired, weak, and lacking energy. Examination reveals heart rate 46 beats/min, blood pressure 70/40 mmHg, weight below 3rd centile, dry skin, and lanugo-type hair growth on face; lab investigations show hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia. Of the following, the MOST appropriate next action is

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The patient shows severe signs of an eating disorder with critical physical parameters, necessitating immediate hospital admission.

Question 4 of 5

Which of the following is TRUE regarding hepatitis A virus

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hepatitis A is transmitted via the fecal-oral route, commonly through contaminated food or water, and has only one serotype.

Question 5 of 5

A term infant presents with tachypnea, grunting, and nasal flaring shortly after birth. A chest X-ray shows fluid in the lung fissures. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is caused by delayed clearance of fetal lung fluid, common in infants born via cesarean section. Symptoms resolve within 24-72 hours with supportive care.

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