ATI RN
Virtual ATI Pharmacology Pre Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
Liquid preparation that contains one or more chemical substance dissolved in a suitable solvent
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A solution is a liquid preparation that contains one or more chemical substances dissolved in a suitable solvent. The solute (chemical substance) is evenly dispersed and mixed with the solvent, resulting in a homogenous mixture. Solutions are commonly used in medicine for oral administration, injections, topical treatments, and various other applications due to their ability to provide accurate dosing and rapid absorption into the body. decoction is a liquid derived from boiling plant material, fluid extract is a concentrated liquid extract of a substance, spirits are alcoholic solutions, and syrup is a viscous solution containing sugar.
Question 2 of 5
The patient is prescribed an ACE inhibitor. What primary mechanism of ACE inhibitors will the nurse understand as the therapeutic action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ACE inhibitors work by inhibiting the enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). By inhibiting ACE, the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II is blocked. Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor and also stimulates the release of aldosterone from the adrenal glands. Aldosterone is a hormone that acts on the kidneys to increase reabsorption of sodium and water, leading to increased blood volume and pressure. By inhibiting aldosterone secretion, ACE inhibitors reduce blood volume and lower blood pressure, making them effective in treating hypertension and heart failure.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is in the intensive care unit because of an acute myocardial infarction. He is experiencing severe ventricular dysrhythmias. The nurse will prepare to give which drug of choice for this dysrhythmia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Amiodarone is the drug of choice for treating severe ventricular dysrhythmias, such as those experienced by the patient in the intensive care unit with acute myocardial infarction. It is a class III antiarrhythmic medication that works by prolonging the action potential duration and refractory period, thereby helping to stabilize the electrical activity of the heart. Amiodarone is effective in treating various types of ventricular dysrhythmias, including ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation, making it a suitable choice in this scenario. Diltiazem and verapamil are calcium channel blockers primarily used for supraventricular arrhythmias and are not the first-line treatment for severe ventricular dysrhythmias. Adenosine is used for terminating supraventricular tachycardias, not ventricular dysrhythmias. Amiodarone
Question 4 of 5
Two tests should be monitored for a patient currently on Warfarin. What are those two tests? Select ALL that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a patient is on Warfarin therapy, the two primary tests that need to be monitored are the Prothrombin Time (PT) and the International Normalized Ratio (INR). Warfarin works by inhibiting the activity of Vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, and both PT and INR are measures of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation, which is primarily affected by Warfarin. PT measures the time it takes for blood to clot, while INR is a standardized calculation based on the PT value to monitor the effectiveness and safety of Warfarin therapy. Monitoring these tests helps ensure that the patient's blood is not too thick (increased risk of clotting) or too thin (increased risk of bleeding) while on Warfarin.
Question 5 of 5
Common side e昀昀ects of iron supplements include (select all that apply):
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Iron supplements are known to commonly cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as constipation, upset stomach, and nausea. Constipation is a common side effect of iron supplements due to the way iron can harden the stool and slow down bowel movements. Upset stomach and nausea can occur because iron supplements can irritate the stomach lining, leading to discomfort and feelings of queasiness. It is important for individuals taking iron supplements to be aware of these potential side effects and to speak with their healthcare provider if they are experiencing severe or persistent symptoms.