ATI RN
2019 ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
Liquid preparation made by boiling vegetable substances with water
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A decoction is a liquid preparation made by boiling vegetable substances with water. This process helps extract the beneficial properties and compounds from the plant material into the liquid. Decoctions are commonly used in herbal medicine to prepare medicinal remedies by simmering roots, bark, or other plant parts in water for a period of time.
Question 2 of 5
The patient is discharged home and returns to the emergency department 4 days later. The patient is admitted to the ICU with acute decompensated HF with dyspnea at rest. The nurse anticipates administration of which medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the scenario described, the patient presents with acute decompensated heart failure (HF) with dyspnea at rest, indicating severe symptoms. Nesiritide, a recombinant B-type natriuretic peptide, is commonly used in the management of acute decompensated HF to improve symptoms of dyspnea and congestion. It acts as a vasodilator and promotes natriuresis and diuresis, helping to alleviate the symptoms of heart failure exacerbation. While other medications like Carvedilol (Coreg) and Lisinopril (Prinivil) are commonly used in chronic HF management, in this acute scenario with severe symptoms, Nesiritide would be the appropriate medication to anticipate for administration in the ICU setting. Atropine is not indicated for acute decompensated heart failure.
Question 3 of 5
What should you monitor when given a patient Clopidogrel?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When monitoring a patient on Clopidogrel therapy, it is important to monitor for signs of thrombotic thrombolytic purpura (TTP), bleeding during therapy, and changes in blood counts. Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication that works by preventing platelets from sticking together and forming clots. Monitoring for signs of TTP is necessary as clopidogrel has been associated with an increased risk of TTP in some patients. Additionally, monitoring for bleeding is crucial as clopidogrel, like other antiplatelet medications, can increase the risk of bleeding complications. Monitoring a complete blood count (CBC) with differential and platelet count allows healthcare providers to assess the patient's blood cell levels and ensure that the medication is not causing any adverse effects on blood counts. Therefore, monitoring all of the above parameters is essential to ensure the safety and efficacy of clopidogrel therapy.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has been started on therapy of a continuous infusion of lidocaine after receiving a loading dose of the drug. The nurse will monitor the patient for which adverse effect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that can have systemic effects if levels become toxic. Continuous infusion of lidocaine can lead to lidocaine toxicity, which can manifest as adverse effects including convulsions, altered mental status, confusion, seizures, and cardiac arrhythmias. Monitoring for signs of lidocaine toxicity, such as convulsions, is crucial when a patient is receiving continuous lidocaine infusion. It is important for the nurse to closely monitor the patient's neurological status and vital signs to promptly recognize and manage any adverse effects.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is administering Penicillin to a patient who has tested positive for strep throat. The nurse knows to look for which of the following adverse e昀昀ects as a sign of an acute allergic reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An acute allergic reaction to Penicillin can present with symptoms such as skin rash or hives. This is a common sign of an allergic reaction and can indicate the patient is having an adverse response to the medication. It is essential for the nurse to monitor the patient closely for any signs of allergic reactions, including hives, as they can quickly progress to more severe reactions such as anaphylaxis. Other adverse effects listed in the choices, such as blurred vision, tinnitus, and vomiting, are not typically associated with an acute allergic reaction to Penicillin.