Linda is terrified of spiders and cannot explain why. Because she lives in a wooded area, she would like to overcome this overwhelming fear. Her nurse practitioner suggests which therapy?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Systematic desensitization. Systematic desensitization is a form of therapy commonly used in the treatment of phobias, such as arachnophobia (fear of spiders). This therapy involves gradually exposing the individual to the feared object or situation in a controlled and safe manner while teaching relaxation techniques to manage anxiety. Option A) Behavioral therapy is a broad term that encompasses various therapeutic approaches and may not specifically address the fear of spiders in the same systematic manner as systematic desensitization. Option B) Biofeedback is a technique that helps individuals learn how to control physiological processes such as heart rate or muscle tension, which may not directly address the underlying fear of spiders. Option C) Aversion therapy involves pairing a negative stimulus with the undesired behavior to decrease the likelihood of the behavior occurring. This approach is not typically used to treat phobias like arachnophobia. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind the selection of systematic desensitization for treating phobias is crucial for psychiatric nurse certification exams. Nurses need to be equipped with knowledge of evidence-based therapies to provide effective care for individuals struggling with phobias and other mental health conditions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) The standard to help nurses into recovery. In the context of psychiatric nursing, the alternative-to-discipline program is a structured, supportive intervention that allows nurses with substance use disorders or mental health issues to seek treatment and rehabilitation while still maintaining their license to practice. This program provides a pathway for nurses to address their issues, receive appropriate care, and safely return to their professional duties. Option A) A new initiative being studied by boards of nursing is incorrect because the alternative-to-discipline program is an established practice rather than a new initiative under study. Option B) A pilot program designed to facilitate addiction prevention is incorrect as the alternative-to-discipline program is focused on providing support and treatment to nurses who are already struggling with substance use disorders or mental health issues, rather than solely on prevention. Option D) A research project facilitated by the federal government is incorrect because the alternative-to-discipline program is a practice implemented by regulatory bodies and healthcare organizations, rather than a research project funded by the government. Understanding the alternative-to-discipline program is crucial for psychiatric nurses as it reflects the profession's commitment to supporting the well-being and recovery of healthcare providers while ensuring patient safety. By participating in or referring colleagues to such programs, nurses contribute to a culture of compassion, understanding, and professional growth within the field of psychiatric nursing.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of the psychiatric nurse certification exam, understanding the factors that contribute to preventing adults from developing addictions is crucial for providing effective care and interventions. The correct answer, A) Positive self-image, is a protective factor because individuals who have a positive self-image are more likely to have a strong sense of self-worth and self-efficacy, which can serve as a buffer against the development of addictive behaviors. Option B) Single status is not a protective factor as relationship status alone does not determine one's susceptibility to addiction. Option C) Passive personality is not a protective factor either, as individuals with passive personalities may still be at risk for developing addictions due to various other factors. Option D) Being a parent is not necessarily a protective factor against addiction, as parenthood does not immunize individuals from the risk of developing addictive behaviors. In an educational context, it is important for nurses to understand the complex interplay of factors that contribute to addiction vulnerability. By recognizing and addressing protective factors like positive self-image, nurses can better support individuals in maintaining healthy behaviors and overcoming addictive tendencies. This knowledge equips nurses with the skills to provide comprehensive care and interventions for individuals struggling with addiction.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct conclusion for the nurse to make about the client's blood alcohol content (BAC) of 0.15 mg/dL is option C: "The client ingested enough alcohol to cause them to experience acute cognitive impairment." This is the correct answer because a BAC of 0.15 mg/dL indicates a high level of alcohol in the bloodstream that can lead to significant impairment of cognitive and motor functions. Option A, stating that the client needs inpatient treatment for their drinking problem, is not the most appropriate conclusion to draw solely based on the BAC level. It is important to assess the client comprehensively before recommending a specific treatment plan. Option B, suggesting that the client has a substance use disorder, is also not directly supported by the BAC level alone. While a high BAC may be indicative of alcohol misuse, a diagnosis of a substance use disorder requires a more comprehensive evaluation. Option D, indicating that the client has been a heavy drinker over the past few months, is not the best conclusion to draw solely based on the BAC level. While a high BAC may suggest recent alcohol consumption, it does not provide definitive information about the client's drinking patterns over an extended period. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding the implications of different BAC levels on a client's cognitive and physical functioning. Nurses need to be able to interpret BAC levels accurately to provide appropriate care and interventions for clients who present with alcohol-related issues.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, option A is the correct answer as it presents behaviors that are indicative of potential substance use disorder in a nurse. The behaviors of volunteering for overtime to have access to medications without supervision, avoiding witnesses when handling narcotics, and needing to be alone in the medication room are all red flags that suggest potential drug diversion for personal use. Option B, manipulation, is a vague term and does not specifically point towards substance use disorder. Option C, displaying emotional distress and personal sharing, may indicate stress or personal issues rather than substance abuse. Option D, increased cheerfulness and energy, as well as helping others, are positive behaviors and do not strongly suggest substance use disorder. Educationally, it is vital for nurse managers to be able to recognize signs of substance use disorder in their staff to ensure patient safety and support for the affected nurse. Understanding these behaviors can lead to early intervention and appropriate support mechanisms to address the issue effectively. Recognizing these signs is crucial in maintaining a safe and healthy work environment in healthcare settings.