ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Quiz Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Leukocytes and platelets compose about what fraction of the blood volume?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Leukocytes and platelets form ~1% of blood volume; RBCs (formed elements) are ~45%, and plasma is ~55%. The combined fraction is small due to their low numbers relative to RBCs.
Question 2 of 5
A client has undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for the management of acute coronary syndrome. Following the procedure, the client develops a retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Which of the following nursing interventions is necessary if this occurs?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Retroperitoneal hemorrhage post-PCI requires notifying the provider and preparing for a CT scan or blood transfusion (D) to diagnose and treat bleeding, which can cause hypotension. Intubation (A) is unrelated, ambulation (B) worsens bleeding, and back pressure (C) is ineffective for internal hemorrhage. (Source: Document, p. 8-9)
Question 3 of 5
The atrioventricular (AV) node is important for heart function because:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The AV node delays the impulse (C, ~0.1s) to allow atrial contraction before ventricular systole and directs it to the ventricles via the bundle of His (A). It’s not the pacemaker (B, that’s the SA node), so E (A and C) is correct.
Question 4 of 5
What structures anchor the AV (atrioventricular) valves to the walls of the ventricles?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chordae tendineae (C) anchor AV valves (tricuspid, mitral) to papillary muscles in the ventricles, preventing prolapse into atria. The septum (A) divides ventricles, auricles (B) are atrial appendages, and endocardium (D) is the inner lining.
Question 5 of 5
The T wave on an ECG (EKG) represents:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The T wave (D) represents ventricular repolarization. Atrial depolarization is P wave (A), atrial repolarization is obscured by QRS, and ventricular depolarization is QRS (C).