Lester and Eileen have always enjoyed gambling. Lately, Eileen has discovered that their savings account is down by $50,000. Eileen insists that Lester undergo therapy for his gambling behavior. The nurse recognizes that Lester is making progress when he states:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice B is correct: 1. Gambling activating the reward pathways in the brain is a scientific fact. 2. Recognizing this fact shows self-awareness and understanding of the underlying issue. 3. Acknowledging the neurological aspect of gambling addiction is crucial in therapy. 4. This awareness can lead to developing healthier coping mechanisms. 5. Understanding the brain's response to gambling can aid in breaking the addiction cycle. Summary of other choices: A. Blaming oneself as a bad person does not address the root cause of the addiction. C. Associating gambling with feeling alive does not indicate progress towards overcoming addiction. D. Dismissing Eileen's concerns and not recognizing the addiction's impact is a sign of denial and lack of progress.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the anti-psychiatry movement advocates for a client-centered approach that respects individuals' rights and preferences in care. This implies that nurses should prioritize involving clients in decision-making, respecting their autonomy and preferences. This aligns with the principles of person-centered care and empowers clients in their treatment process. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they go against the core principles of the anti-psychiatry movement and ethical nursing practice. Choice A suggests a paternalistic approach, Choice B disregards clients' perspectives, and Choice D promotes the use of coercive methods, all of which are contrary to the values of client-centered care and respect for individual autonomy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because paliperidone is a second-generation antipsychotic known for having a lower risk of causing extrapyramidal side effects like dystonia compared to first-generation antipsychotics. This is due to its mechanism of action and receptor profile. Choice A is incorrect as neutropenia is not a common side effect of paliperidone. Choice B is incorrect as paliperidone is available in both oral and long-acting injectable forms. Choice C is incorrect as paliperidone is a second-generation antipsychotic, not a first-generation antipsychotic.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The nursing student experiencing a severe family crisis might overidentify with clients, projecting their own needs onto them. This can lead to blurred professional boundaries and compromised care. Choice B is incorrect because fear of clients is more likely to stem from personal anxiety rather than a family crisis. Choice C is incorrect as feeling inadequate is a separate issue from overidentification. Choice D is incorrect because self-doubt due to lack of knowledge is not directly related to family crisis-induced overidentification.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Follow the directions given in the living will because of mandates by state law. In this scenario, the living will is a legal document that expresses the client's wishes regarding medical treatment in case they become incapacitated. State laws typically require healthcare providers to honor living wills. This legal obligation supersedes the family's wishes, ethical principles like nonmaleficence (do no harm) or beneficence (do good). Therefore, it is essential for the health-care team to follow the specific directives outlined in the living will to respect the client's autonomy and ensure their wishes are honored.