Law of segregation related to and law of independent assortment related to

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Segregation involves homologous chromosomes separating; independent assortment involves different chromosomes assorting independently. 'B' is correct. Rationale: Mendel’s laws: segregation (alleles on homologs split in meiosis I), assortment (non-homologous chromosomes align randomly).

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: SRY gene (B) causes 46, XX males. Rationale: SRY translocation to X or autosome in XX individuals triggers male development; AZFa affects spermatogenesis, not sex determination.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Complete mole (A) has no fetus. Rationale: All-paternal DNA (46, XX/YY) forms placental tissue only; partial moles (triploid) may have fetal remnants.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Multifactorial diseases involve genetic and environmental factors (A) and include MS, diabetes, and cancer (C), but late-onset in one person doesn’t inherently increase sibling risk unless shared factors persist (B is not typical). Rationale: Multifactorial inheritance implies polygenic and environmental interplay, not age-specific sibling risk unless familial clustering is evident.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: PKU treatment is a low-protein diet (B). Rationale: Phenylketonuria (PAH gene) prevents phenylalanine metabolism; restricting protein (phenylalanine source) prevents toxic buildup, unlike carbohydrate restriction.