Larry, who has antisocial personality disorder, feels no guilt about violating the rights of others. He does as he pleases without thought to possible consequences. In which of Peplau's stages of development would you place Larry?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Learning to delay gratification. In this stage, individuals develop impulse control and learn to consider consequences before acting. Larry's lack of guilt and disregard for others' rights indicate a failure to delay gratification, acting impulsively without regard for consequences. A: Learning to count on others focuses on developing trust in relationships, not relevant to Larry's situation. C: Identifying oneself involves establishing a sense of self and personal identity, not directly related to Larry's behavior. D: Developing skills in participation involves social interaction and cooperation, not addressing Larry's impulsivity and lack of guilt.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, the duty to avoid causing harm to others. Fidelity (nonmaleficence) is a fundamental principle in ethics and healthcare, emphasizing the importance of not harming individuals. This duty ensures that professionals prioritize the well-being and safety of their clients or patients. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address the concept of nonmaleficence. Choice A focuses on beneficence, which is different from nonmaleficence. Choice C pertains to autonomy, while choice D relates to distributive justice, none of which directly align with the principle of avoiding harm.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because a situational/external crisis refers to a crisis triggered by unanticipated loss or change, such as a sudden death or job loss. This type of crisis is external to the individual and typically beyond their control. Option A is incorrect as it describes a developmental crisis. Option B is incorrect as it refers to crises caused by external events like natural disasters. Option D is incorrect as it pertains to crises arising from internal struggles within an individual. Thus, C is the correct choice as it aligns with the definition of a situational/external crisis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by instability of affect (A), identity, and relationships. Patients with BPD often exhibit fear of abandonment and engage in manipulative behaviors (B). Additionally, impulsivity and self-injurious behaviors are common features of BPD (C). These characteristics are core symptoms of BPD as outlined in the diagnostic criteria. Therefore, choosing all the options (D) is the correct answer because individuals with BPD typically display a combination of these features.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because altruism involves selflessly meeting the needs of others, not as a defense mechanism but as a genuine act of kindness. Choice B refers to sublimation, not altruism. Choice C relates to denial, and choice D describes displacement, which are different defense mechanisms. Altruism is about helping others without expecting anything in return, not as a way to cope with emotional conflicts.