Larry is a 50-year-old man who works about 60 hours per week. He arrives at the clinic seeking assistance with a weight gain of 50 pounds over the past year. Larry admits to sleeping 4 to 5 hours a night. The nurse recognizes that the weight gain may be related to:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale for Choice C (Correct Answer): 1. Hormones like leptin and ghrelin regulate appetite and energy balance. 2. Lack of sleep disrupts these hormones, leading to increased appetite. 3. Larry's sleep deprivation may have dysregulated his appetite hormones. 4. This dysregulation could result in increased food intake and subsequent weight gain. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A. Diabetes: No information suggests Larry has diabetes symptoms. B. Cardiovascular disease: Weight gain may be a risk factor, but sleep deprivation's direct impact on hormones is more likely. D. Depression: While depression can contribute to weight gain, there's no indication of comorbidity in Larry's case.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because when the nurse has a therapeutic relationship with the client, it means they work collaboratively. The nurse considers the client a partner in care planning, involving them in decision-making and respecting their autonomy. This approach fosters trust and empowers the client in their care. A: The nurse should maintain professional boundaries and not become friends with the client to avoid conflicts of interest. C: Adhering strictly to the plan of care without flexibility may not meet the client's individual needs and preferences. D: While avoiding a directive approach is important, there are times when the nurse needs to provide guidance and direction for the client's benefit.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because three out of the four criteria listed by the student are correct. (1) an appropriate perception of reality, (2) the ability to accept oneself, and (3) the ability to establish relationships are indeed important criteria for good mental health. However, (4) a need for detachment and the desire for privacy is not typically considered a criteria for good mental health. It is important to emphasize that maintaining healthy boundaries and privacy is essential, but it is not a defining criteria for good mental health. Therefore, the student's list is good but not perfect.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it reflects active listening and encourages the client to express their concerns further. It shows empathy and validates the client's feelings. Choice A provides information without addressing the client's feelings. Choice C puts the client on the spot and may come off as confrontational. Choice D dismisses the client's concerns and lacks empathy. Overall, choice B is therapeutic as it fosters a supportive and open communication environment.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the individual demonstrates resilience by adapting to the loss of a permanent job through taking a temporary job to maintain financial stability. This shows resilience as they are actively seeking solutions to overcome adversity. A is incorrect as repressing stressors is not a healthy coping mechanism for resilience. B is incorrect as becoming depressed after the death of a spouse indicates a lack of resilience in handling the emotional stress. C is incorrect as living in a shelter for 2 years after a fire is a challenging situation, but it does not necessarily demonstrate the same level of adaptation and proactive approach to adversity as taking a temporary job for financial stability.