Knowing that malnutrition is a frequent community health problem, you decided to conduct nutritional assessment. What population is particularly susceptible to protein energy malnutrition (PEM)?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Under 5 year old children. Young children are particularly susceptible to Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) due to their high nutritional needs for growth and development. They have limited food intake capacity and are dependent on caregivers for proper nutrition. The risk of malnutrition is highest in this age group as they are vulnerable to infections and have rapid growth rates. Pregnant women and the elderly (Option A) have specific nutritional requirements but are not as susceptible to PEM as under 5 year old children. The other options, 1-4 year old children (Option C) and school-age children (Option D), are also at risk of malnutrition but not as vulnerable as children under 5 years old.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Number of registered live births. General fertility rate is calculated by dividing the number of live births in a given population by the total number of females in the reproductive age group (usually 15-49 years old). This rate helps assess the fertility patterns in a population. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Estimated midyear population is used in calculating birth rate, not general fertility rate. C: Number of pregnancies in the year includes both live births and stillbirths, not specific to live births only. D: Number of females of reproductive age is used in calculating fertility rates, but it is not the numerator for general fertility rate specifically.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: De jure. De jure means "by law," and in the context of a census, it refers to assigning individuals to a specific location based on legal residence. This method ensures that each individual is counted in the correct location according to official records and legal status. Choice B: De locus is not a recognized term in the context of census methodology. Choice C: De facto refers to a situation that exists in fact but may not be officially recognized or legally established. This is not the appropriate method for census population assignment. Choice D: De novo means "from the beginning" and is not relevant to the method of population assignment in a census based on physical location.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Individual health record. This is the most useful component for monitoring clients in long-term regimens like Multi-Drug Therapy because it contains detailed information on each client's health status, treatment history, medication adherence, and progress over time. It allows healthcare providers to track and assess the effectiveness of the treatment plan, identify any issues or trends, and make informed decisions for each individual client. A: Tally report and B: Output report provide general summaries and statistics but lack specific client details needed for individual monitoring. C: Target/client list may help identify clients but does not offer the depth of information provided in an individual health record.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Preventive potential of the health problem, as it is a criterion that is specifically used in community health care settings. This criterion focuses on the ability of a health problem to be prevented through targeted interventions, which is essential for improving population health outcomes. In community health care, preventive measures play a crucial role in addressing health issues before they escalate, making this criterion particularly relevant. A: Modifiability of the problem - While modifiability is important in health priority setting, it is not unique to community health care and can be applied in various healthcare settings. B: Nature of the problem presented - The nature of the problem is a broad criterion that can be considered in any healthcare setting, not just limited to community health care. C: Magnitude of the health problem - Magnitude of the health problem is a critical criterion in health priority setting across different healthcare settings, not exclusive to community health care.