Kidneys regulate

ATI RN

ATI RN Test Bank

Kidneys regulate

A. water loss only B. water gain only C. both water loss and gain D.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Kidneys primarily regulate water loss through urine concentration, not water gain, which depends on intake.

When baroreceptors in the carotid and aortic bodies register increased blood pressure, this results in

A. secretion of vasopressin B. inhibition of vasopressin secretion C. increased glomerular filtration D. decreased urine production

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: High blood pressure inhibits vasopressin secretion to decrease water reabsorption and lower volume.

Angiotensin II stimulates

A. thirst only B. vasoconstriction only C. synthesis and release of aldosterone D. thirst, vasoconstriction, and synthesis and release of aldosterone

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Angiotensin II triggers thirst, vasoconstriction, and aldosterone release to increase blood volume and pressure.

An increase in plasma potassium levels is properly called

A. hypernatremia B. hyperpotassemia C. hyperpotasseplasmia D. hyperkalemia

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hyperkalemia is the term for elevated plasma potassium levels.

The enzyme renin is responsible for the activation of

A. angiotensin I B. cortisol C. erythropoietin D. atrial natriuretic peptide

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Renin converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, starting the RAS pathway.

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