Kidneys filter blood to keep it pure of:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Kidneys remove toxins, wastes, excess water/ions all apply. This defines filtration scope, critical for detoxification, contrasting with partial roles.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Segmental artery splits into ~5 lobar arteries, not 6, 8, or 7. This quantifies renal supply, critical for blood flow, contrasting with variable counts.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Glomerular hydrostatic pressure is ~60 mmHg, not 65, 75, or 55. This quantifies filtration pressure, critical for GFR calculation, contrasting with misestimates.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nephron (filtration to excretion) is the functional unit, not glomerulus (part), corpuscle (subset), or calyx (collecting). This defines renal unit, key for physiology, contrasting with components.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Renal papilla is the pyramid apex draining into calyces, not calyx or pelvis. This specifies medullary tip, key for urine collection, contrasting with collecting structures.