ATI RN
Urinary System Test Questions And Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Kidney innervation regulates:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Kidney innervation (sympathetic) regulates arteriole diameter e.g., constricts afferent/efferent, adjusts GFR. Filtrate composition is glomerular not neural. Water reabsorption is hormonal (ADH) not innervation. Brush border is structural not regulated. Arteriolar control distinguishes it, key to blood flow, unlike filtrate or tubular functions.
Question 2 of 5
Renin matches with:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Renin is secreted by JG cells e.g., JGA responds to low BP. Ureter transports not secretes. Hypothalamus makes ADH not renin. Micturition is urination unrelated. JG secretion distinguishes it, key to BP regulation, unlike tubes or actions.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with acute renal failure has a serum potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L and the following ABG results: pH 7.28, PaCO2 30, PaO2 86, HCO3 18. The nurse recognizes that treatment of the acid base problem would cause a decrease in the
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metabolic acidosis (low pH, HCO3) drives potassium out of cells; correcting it (e.g., bicarbonate) shifts potassium back intracellularly, lowering serum levels not pH (rises), bicarbonate (increases), or CO2 (respiratory). This distinguishes acidosis-potassium interplay, key for treatment planning, contrasting with standalone acid-base correction.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse evaluates the patency of an AV graft by
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A bruit (whooshing sound) indicates AV graft patency pulses (distal flow), color/temp (circulation), or numbness (nerve) are secondary. This distinguishes vascular access assessment, critical for dialysis, contrasting with indirect signs.
Question 5 of 5
All of the following about malpighian renal corpuscle are true EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Malpighian corpuscle (glomerulus + Bowman's) has podocytes (visceral), squamous epithelium (parietal), and mesangial cells, but glomerular capillaries have a fenestrated (not interrupted) basement membrane for filtration. This exception distinguishes filtration barrier structure, vital for renal physiology, contrasting with complete descriptions.