Juvenile localized scleroderma (LS) is generally insidious with skin manifestations that vary according to disease subtype. Up to 25% of children with LS have extracutaneous manifestations including arthritis and neurological symptoms. Of the following, the subtype that is MOST commonly associated with neurological manifestations is

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: En coup de sabre is associated with neurological complications due to its location on the face and scalp.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Digitalis is primarily used for heart failure and atrial fibrillation, not typically in resuscitation. Epinephrine and atropine are more relevant in emergency situations.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rapid, deep breathing (Kussmaul breathing) is typically associated with diabetic ketoacidosis, renal tubular acidosis, and CNS stimulants. Heart failure typically causes shallow, labored breathing, not deep breathing without distress.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Dilute artificial formula can lead to hyponatremia and total body sodium depletion, whereas SIADH causes water retention rather than true sodium loss.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Thelarche typically occurs between ages 8-13, marking the start of female puberty.