JP has been diagnosed with gout and wants to know why colchicine is used in the treatment of gout. Which of the following actions of colchicines explains why it's effective for gout?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreases inflammation. Colchicine is used in the treatment of gout because it inhibits the inflammatory response that occurs during gout flare-ups. It works by disrupting the inflammatory process, particularly by inhibiting the migration of neutrophils to the affected area. This reduces the inflammation, pain, and swelling associated with gout attacks. Explanation of other choices: A: Replaces estrogen - This is incorrect because colchicine does not have any role in replacing estrogen in the body. B: Decreases infection - This is incorrect because colchicine does not have any direct effect on fighting infections. D: Decreases bone demineralization - This is incorrect because colchicine is not used to treat bone-related conditions such as osteoporosis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Fat embolism. In this scenario, a 67-year-old client with acute shortness of breath and hypoxia after a right femur fracture is likely experiencing a fat embolism. Fat embolism occurs when fat globules enter the bloodstream, often following long bone fractures. These fat globules can travel to the lungs and cause respiratory distress. Asthma attack (A), atelectasis (B), and bronchitis (C) are less likely in this case as they do not typically present acutely following a femur fracture.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because putting on the elastic stockings before getting out of bed in the morning helps prevent blood pooling in the lower extremities. This statement indicates the client understands the importance of wearing the stockings to promote circulation. Choice A is incorrect because the client should follow the prescribed duration for wearing the stockings, not wait for the physician's instruction to remove them. Choice B is incorrect as wearing stockings while sleeping may not be necessary unless specified by the healthcare provider. Choice C is incorrect as removing the stockings for a prolonged period every four hours may not be recommended as consistent wear is typically more beneficial for circulation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will call my doctor if Stacy has persistent vomiting and diarrhea". Rationale: 1. Persistent vomiting and diarrhea are common side effects of chemotherapy that can lead to dehydration and other complications. 2. Contacting the physician in this case shows understanding of the need for immediate medical attention. 3. Prompt communication with the doctor can help in managing these side effects effectively and prevent further complications. Summary: A: Difficulty in sleeping is a common side effect of chemotherapy but does not require immediate medical attention. C: Irritability and unhappiness are subjective symptoms and may not indicate a serious medical issue. D: Continued hair loss is a known side effect of chemotherapy but does not require immediate medical attention unless excessive.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Elevated serum aminotransferase. In liver cirrhosis, liver cells are damaged, causing release of aminotransferase enzymes into the bloodstream. Elevated levels of serum aminotransferase, such as ALT and AST, indicate liver damage. Decreased red blood cell count (A) is not specific to liver cirrhosis. Decreased serum acid phosphate level (B) is not a typical indicator of liver cirrhosis. Elevated white blood cell count (C) is more commonly associated with infection or inflammation, not liver cirrhosis.