Joseph, a 45-year-old community resident of Baranggay 22-A, suddenly had 2 bouts of soft to almost watery stools after having lunch. While observing his condition at home to decide whether to refer him for medical treatment, you recommended that he boil a decoction of 10-15 leaves of what medicinal plant for 15 minutes on low heat?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bayabas. Step-by-step rationale: 1. Bayabas (guava) has antimicrobial properties that can help in treating diarrhea. 2. Boiling a decoction of bayabas leaves can help alleviate Joseph's symptoms due to its astringent properties. 3. The astringent properties of bayabas can help firm up loose stools. 4. Bayabas is commonly used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal issues like diarrhea. Summary of other choices: B: Pancit pacitan - Not commonly used for treating diarrhea. C: Sambong - More commonly used for urinary tract infections, not diarrhea. D: Lagundi - More commonly used for respiratory issues, not gastrointestinal problems.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step 1: Yerba Buena is a traditional medicinal herb commonly used in the Philippines to relieve muscle and joint pains. Step 2: Yerba Buena is easily accessible and can be grown in home gardens, making it a non-costly alternative. Step 3: Unlike the muscle pain-relieving drug advertised by Manny Pacquiao, Yerba Buena is a natural remedy with minimal side effects. Step 4: Sambong, Lagundi, and Akapulko are also traditional herbs, but they are more commonly used for other health conditions, not specifically for muscle and joint pains. Summary: Yerba Buena is the correct choice as it is a readily available and cost-effective alternative for muscle and joint pain relief, while the other choices are not as suitable for this specific purpose.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Traditional and Alternative Health Care Law. This law specifically addresses the integration of traditional, non-traditional, alternative, or complementary health care strategies into the healthcare system. This legal basis allows for the incorporation of diverse health care practices to cater to the cultural beliefs and preferences of the Filipino population. A: PhilHealth Act primarily focuses on health insurance and financial assistance, not on the integration of traditional health care strategies. C: Philippine Nursing Act regulates the nursing profession and does not specifically address the integration of traditional health care practices. D: Philippine Medical Act governs medical practice standards and does not directly relate to the incorporation of traditional or alternative health care strategies.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Unhealthy diet contributes to conditions like heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and respiratory diseases. Step 2: Physical inactivity is a risk factor for heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and some cancers. Step 3: Smoking is a major risk factor for heart disease, cancer, and respiratory diseases. Summary: B is incorrect as it mentions hypertension and poor stress management, which are not common to all 4 NCDs. C is incorrect as it includes obesity, not common to all 4 NCDs. D is incorrect as it includes alcoholism, which is not common to all 4 NCDs.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Maintaining specific daily servings of food groups. The Filipino Food Guide Pyramid emphasizes this to ensure a balanced and nutritious diet. By following specific daily servings of food groups, individuals can meet their nutritional needs and maintain overall health. Choice A is too general and does not address the importance of specific food group servings. Choice B focuses only on fats and sugar, neglecting other essential nutrients. Choice D is vague and does not provide actionable guidance for healthy eating.