Johnny a firefighter was involved in extinguishing a house fire and is being treated to smoke inhalation. He develops severe hypoxia 48 hours after the incident, requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation. He most likely has developed which of the following conditions?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ARDS is a severe lung condition characterized by rapid onset of widespread inflammation in the lungs. In this case, Johnny's severe hypoxia 48 hours after the fire indicates a severe respiratory issue. ARDS is a common complication of smoke inhalation due to the inflammatory response in the lungs. The other choices are incorrect because: B: Atelectasis is the collapse of lung tissue, typically due to blockages or pressure, which would not explain the severe hypoxia in this scenario. C: Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes, which would not lead to the rapid onset of severe hypoxia seen in ARDS. D: Pneumonia is an infection in the lungs, but it would not typically present with such rapid and severe hypoxia as seen in ARDS.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: A Rh-negative. The rationale is that the client with AB negative blood type can receive blood from donors with blood type A or B, as well as Rh-negative blood to avoid any immune reactions. Choice A is incorrect because it is Rh-positive, which can lead to a hemolytic reaction. Choice B is incorrect because it is Rh-positive, which is not compatible with AB negative blood type. Choice D is incorrect because it is O, which is not compatible with AB blood type. Therefore, choice C is the safest option for the client to receive a blood transfusion without any adverse reactions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pulmonary embolism. Norma's symptoms of chest tightness, shortness of breath, tachypnea, and decreased consciousness are classic signs of a pulmonary embolism, which is a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in the lungs. These symptoms are due to a sudden obstruction of blood flow to the lungs, leading to impaired oxygen exchange and potentially life-threatening consequences. A: Asthma attack is incorrect because although asthma can present with chest tightness and shortness of breath, it typically does not cause a decreased level of consciousness. C: Respiratory failure is incorrect because it is a broad term that describes the inability of the respiratory system to adequately oxygenate the blood and remove carbon dioxide. It does not specifically point to the sudden onset of symptoms described in the scenario. D: Rheumatoid arthritis is incorrect because it is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints, and it does not present with the acute respiratory symptoms and decreased

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Kidneys' excretion of sodium and water. When the kidneys excrete sodium and water, the blood volume decreases, leading to a drop in blood pressure. Excretion of excess sodium helps to reduce fluid retention, which can contribute to hypertension. Retention of sodium and water (B) would increase blood volume and blood pressure. Excretion of sodium only (A) would not address the issue of fluid retention. Retention of sodium and excretion of water (D) would not effectively reduce blood volume and lower blood pressure.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because providing the wife with the number of a crisis center offers immediate help and support in a dangerous situation. This step is crucial in ensuring her safety and connecting her with professionals trained to assist in abusive situations. Choice B is incorrect as leaving an abusive partner can be a complex and dangerous process that requires careful planning and support. Choice C is incorrect as discussing the situation with family may not always be safe or helpful, as they may not understand the seriousness of the abuse or may inadvertently put the wife at risk. Choice D is incorrect as it places blame on the victim rather than addressing the abuser's behavior and providing practical support.