Jaundice appearing on day of life suggests all of the above EXCEPT

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is D) Fetal-to-maternal transfusion. Jaundice appearing on the first day of life is known as neonatal jaundice. It is typically due to an immature liver being unable to efficiently process bilirubin, leading to its accumulation in the blood and subsequent yellowing of the skin and eyes. A) TORCH infections are a group of infections that can be transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy, causing various issues including jaundice. B) Erythroblastosis fetalis is caused by Rh incompatibility between the mother and baby, leading to the mother's antibodies attacking the baby's red blood cells and causing jaundice. C) ABO incompatibility occurs when the mother's blood type is different from the baby's, leading to jaundice due to the baby's immune system attacking the red blood cells. Educationally, understanding the different causes of neonatal jaundice is crucial for pediatric nurses to provide appropriate care. Recognizing the specific etiology helps in implementing timely interventions, such as phototherapy or exchange transfusions, to prevent complications like kernicterus. It also highlights the importance of thorough assessment and knowledge of maternal-fetal blood type compatibility to identify and address jaundice promptly in newborns.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In pediatric nursing, understanding the factors that can contribute to anxiety in children is crucial for providing holistic care. In this question, the correct answer is D) Carbonated beverages. Carbonated beverages do not cause anxiety in children directly. However, options A, B, and C can all potentially cause anxiety in children. A) Antihistamines: Some antihistamines can have side effects that include drowsiness or hyperactivity, which may lead to anxiety in children. B) Hypoparathyroidism: This condition can result in low levels of calcium in the blood, leading to symptoms like muscle cramps, tingling sensations, and even seizures, which can be frightening for a child and cause anxiety. C) Prolonged school absences: Missing school for an extended period can cause a child to feel disconnected from their peers, fall behind in academics, and experience anxiety about returning to a changed environment. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of considering a wide range of factors that can impact a child's emotional well-being in pediatric nursing practice. It emphasizes the need for nurses to be aware of how various medical conditions, medications, and social factors can influence a child's mental health, helping them provide comprehensive care that addresses both physical and emotional needs.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In pediatric nursing, understanding the relationship between psychiatric illness and suicide risk is crucial. The correct answer is D) 90%. This means that the majority of youths who complete suicide have a preexisting psychiatric illness. This statistic highlights the importance of mental health screening and intervention in pediatric care. Option A) 10% is incorrect because studies consistently show a much higher prevalence of psychiatric illness among youths who die by suicide. Option B) 30% and Option C) 50% are also lower than the actual statistic, emphasizing the misconception that suicide is mainly an impulsive act rather than often being associated with underlying mental health conditions. In an educational context, this question serves to emphasize the need for healthcare providers to be vigilant in assessing and addressing mental health concerns in pediatric patients. It underscores the interconnectedness of mental health and overall well-being, urging healthcare professionals to approach pediatric care holistically. Understanding this high correlation can help nurses and other healthcare providers in early identification, intervention, and prevention of suicide in pediatric populations.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In pediatric nursing, it is crucial to understand childhood psychosis to provide appropriate care. The correct answer is "D) Acutephobic hallucination" because hallucinations associated with fear or anxiety (acutephobic hallucinations) are not typically seen in childhood psychosis. Option A, delusions, refers to fixed false beliefs, which are common in psychosis. Loss of reality testing (Option B) is a hallmark feature of psychosis where individuals struggle to differentiate between what is real and what is not. Disorganized speech (Option C) is also a common symptom in psychosis, characterized by incoherent or illogical speech patterns. Educationally, knowing the distinguishing features of childhood psychosis is essential for pediatric nurses to recognize early signs, provide timely interventions, and collaborate effectively with the healthcare team to support the child and their family. Understanding these nuances helps in delivering holistic care and improving outcomes for pediatric patients with mental health challenges.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) separation anxiety. Separation anxiety is characterized by excessive fear or anxiety about separation from home or attachment figures. In this case, the child's fear of being separated from his father while going to school manifests as a fear of being injured in a car accident. This fear is specific to the separation experience and is not related to attending school itself, ruling out school phobia (B) as the correct answer. Nonpathological anxiety (A) refers to normal, age-appropriate fears and worries that children may experience. Generalized anxiety disorder (D) involves excessive worry and anxiety about a variety of events or activities, whereas in this case, the child's anxiety is primarily focused on separation from his father during transportation to school. In an educational context, understanding the distinctions between different types of anxiety disorders is crucial for healthcare professionals working with pediatric populations. By correctly identifying separation anxiety in this case, healthcare providers can provide appropriate interventions and support to help the child manage their anxiety and improve their overall well-being.