It is not a legally binding document but nevertheless, Very important in caring for the patients.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology, the correct answer to the question is B) Patient's Bill of Rights. This document is crucial in patient care as it outlines the rights of individuals receiving medical treatment, including the right to be informed about their treatment and medications. Understanding and upholding these rights are essential for healthcare professionals, including nurses, to provide ethical and patient-centered care. Option A) BON Resolution No. 220 Series of 2002, while it may contain guidelines related to nursing practice, specifically in the Philippines, does not directly address the importance of patient rights in medication administration. Option C) Nurse's Code of Ethics provides ethical guidelines for nursing practice but does not specifically address the legal aspects of patient care related to medication administration. Option D) Philippine Nursing Act of 2002 outlines the scope of nursing practice in the Philippines but does not specifically focus on patient rights in the context of medication administration. Educationally, understanding the legal and ethical frameworks surrounding medication administration is vital for nurses to ensure safe and effective care for their patients. By knowing and respecting the rights of patients, nurses can build trust, promote autonomy, and enhance the quality of care provided.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Prudence. Prudence refers to the ability to make sound judgments and decisions based on careful thought and consideration of possible consequences. By raising the side rails of a confused and disoriented patient, the nurse is demonstrating prudence by taking proactive measures to ensure the safety and well-being of the patient. Option A) Autonomy refers to the right to make one's own decisions and choices. While it is important in nursing practice, in this situation, the nurse is not promoting the patient's autonomy but rather ensuring their safety. Option B) Responsibility is the accountability for one's actions and duties. While it is essential for nurses to be responsible, it does not directly relate to the specific action of raising side rails for a confused patient. Option D) Resourcefulness is the ability to find quick and clever ways to overcome difficulties. While resourcefulness is a valuable trait in nursing practice, it is not the most applicable in this context where patient safety is the primary concern. Educationally, understanding the concept of prudence in nursing practice is crucial for providing safe and effective care to patients, especially those who are confused or disoriented. Nurses must constantly evaluate situations, anticipate risks, and take proactive measures to prevent harm and promote patient well-being. This question highlights the importance of critical thinking and quick decision-making in nursing practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pharmacology, accountability is crucial for safe and effective patient care. Choosing option A, "Accountable," as the correct answer is appropriate because accountability in nursing means taking responsibility for one's actions, decisions, and their outcomes. Nurses must be able to justify and explain their actions to ensure patient safety and quality care. Being accountable fosters trust with patients, colleagues, and the healthcare team. Option B, "Responsible," is not the best choice because while responsibility is important, it does not encompass the same level of answerability and ownership as accountability. Responsibility refers to duties and tasks assigned to an individual, whereas accountability involves answerability and explanation for those duties and tasks. Options C and D, "Critical thinker" and "Assertive," are not directly related to the concept of accountability. While critical thinking and assertiveness are valuable skills in nursing practice, they do not specifically address the notion of being answerable for one's actions and decisions, which is the central theme of the question. Educationally, understanding the importance of accountability in nursing practice is fundamental for pharmacology students. It ensures that students grasp the significance of owning their decisions and actions in providing safe and effective patient care. By choosing the correct answer, students reinforce the value of being accountable as a professional nurse.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In pharmacology, the administration of subcutaneous injections is crucial for drug delivery. When injecting a subcutaneous injection in an obese patient, it should be angled at 90° (option B). The rationale behind this is that in obese individuals, there is typically a thicker layer of adipose tissue beneath the skin. An injection angle of 90° ensures that the medication is delivered into the subcutaneous layer, avoiding intramuscular injections which can be painful and lead to improper absorption of the medication. Option A (45°) is not ideal for obese patients as it may not reach the subcutaneous layer effectively due to the increased thickness of the adipose tissue. Option C (180°) is not recommended as it would be too deep and could potentially reach the muscle layer. Option D (parallel to the skin) is also not suitable as it may result in the medication being deposited in the skin rather than the subcutaneous tissue. Educationally, understanding the correct technique for subcutaneous injections in different patient populations, such as obese individuals, is essential for nurses and healthcare professionals to ensure safe and effective medication administration. It helps in preventing complications, optimizing drug absorption, and ensuring patient comfort and compliance.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and nursing practice, understanding the principles of heat transfer is crucial for providing effective patient care, especially in scenarios like managing fever. In this question, the correct answer is D) Conduction. Conduction is the transfer of heat between objects in direct contact with each other. When a client with a fever receives a cooling bed bath, heat is transferred from the client's body to the cooler water in the bath through direct contact, helping to lower their body temperature. This method is effective in managing fever because it facilitates heat loss from the body. The other options are: A) Radiation: This is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves. While radiation can also contribute to heat loss, in the scenario described in the question, direct contact with the cooling bath is the primary mechanism at play. B) Convection: This involves the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids or gases. While convection can occur during a cooling bed bath, it is not the primary mechanism responsible for lowering the body temperature in this context. C) Evaporation: This is the process by which a liquid turns into a vapor, taking heat with it. While evaporation can contribute to cooling, in the case of a cooling bed bath, direct contact and conduction play a more significant role. Understanding these principles of heat transfer not only helps nurses provide appropriate care for clients with fever but also underscores the importance of evidence-based practice in pharmacology and nursing interventions.