ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2019 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
_______________ is the main glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal glands.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hydrocortisone is the main glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal glands. Glucocorticoids are a class of corticosteroid hormones that are involved in regulating metabolism and immune responses. Hydrocortisone, also known as cortisol, plays a crucial role in the body's response to stress, inflammation, and maintaining blood pressure. It is essential for various physiological functions, including regulating blood sugar levels and suppressing the immune system's inflammatory responses. While other glucocorticoids like dexamethasone and prednisone are commonly used in clinical practice for their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, hydrocortisone is the primary glucocorticoid naturally produced by the adrenal glands.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is described as the fastest route of drug administration?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Intravenous (I.V.) administration is described as the fastest route of drug administration because the medication is directly delivered into the bloodstream. This allows for immediate systemic circulation and rapid onset of action, making it the most efficient route for drugs to reach their target organs or tissues. In contrast, other routes such as intramuscular (I.M), oral, rectal, and intradermal have slower absorption rates and may involve additional barriers before reaching the bloodstream, causing a delay in onset of action compared to intravenous administration.
Question 3 of 5
Which nursing intervention(s) should the nurse consider for the patient taking ciprofloxacin? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that requires careful monitoring. Obtaining a culture before administration ensures the infection is susceptible to ciprofloxacin. Tendon pain or rupture is a serious adverse effect of fluoroquinolones, particularly in older adults or those on corticosteroids. Dairy products can interfere with the absorption of ciprofloxacin, so patients should avoid them around the time of administration. Dizziness may indicate central nervous system effects, which should be reported promptly.
Question 4 of 5
The home care nurse is providing teaching for a 59-year-old patient taking a nonselective beta-blocker. The nurse teaches the patient the importance of notifying the prescribing physician when what occurs related to this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bronchospasm, cough, rhinitis, and bronchial obstruction are related to loss of bronchodilation of the respiratory tract and vasodilation of mucous membrane vessels so a sudden onset of a cough or difficulty breathing should be immediately reported to the health care provider. Other options may need to be reported but not in relation to the nonselective beta-blocking medication. The nurse should educate the patient about potential adverse effects and the importance of timely reporting.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is taking warfarin. The nurse notes the presence of gross hematuria and large areas of bruising on the patient's body. The nurse notifies the health care prescriber and anticipates what medication will be ordered?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gross hematuria and bruising are signs of excessive anticoagulation, likely due to warfarin. Phytonadione (Vitamin K) is the antidote for warfarin toxicity and will be ordered to reverse its effects. Heparin sulfate (A) and protamine sulfate (B) are used for heparin reversal, and potassium supplements (D) are unrelated to warfarin toxicity.