______ is an artificial means of removing the body's waste products.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Kidney dialysis. Dialysis is an artificial process that helps remove waste products from the body when the kidneys are unable to do so effectively. It involves filtering the blood to remove toxins and excess fluids. Chronic renal failure (A) is a condition where the kidneys gradually lose function. Urine retention (C) is the inability to empty the bladder completely. Nephritis (D) is inflammation of the kidneys. Dialysis is the most direct and effective method for removing waste products in cases of kidney failure.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Enables speech. The larynx, also known as the voice box, contains vocal cords that vibrate to produce sound, enabling speech. Choice B is incorrect because the epiglottis, not the larynx, blocks food from entering the trachea. Choice C is incorrect as the larynx is not involved in the passage of food. Choice D is incorrect because the larynx does not transfer air to the lungs, but rather filters and humidifies air before it reaches the lungs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Urinary tract infections. Hydration is important post total knee replacement to prevent UTIs due to immobility leading to urinary stasis. Myocardial infarctions are not directly related to fluid intake. Depression is managed through psychological support, not just fluids. Side effects of medication are not solely prevented by increased fluid intake.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because reassuring the resident who is upset shows empathy and support, helping to calm them down. Telling the resident it is not real (A) may invalidate their experience. Saying they see the hallucination too (B) can worsen the situation. Laughing at the resident (D) is unprofessional and insensitive.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Soft or pureed. This is because individuals with AIDS and mouth infections may have difficulty swallowing or chewing due to pain and inflammation. Soft or pureed foods are easier to swallow and gentler on the mouth, promoting proper nutrition and reducing discomfort. Choice A (Spicy) is incorrect as spicy foods can aggravate mouth sores and cause discomfort. Choice C (Hot) is incorrect as hot foods can further irritate the mouth. Choice D (Acidic) is incorrect as acidic foods can also worsen mouth sores and lead to increased pain.