____________ is a contagious disease that is transmitted by direct person-to-person contact.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Scabies. Scabies is a highly contagious skin infestation caused by a mite that burrows into the skin. It is primarily transmitted through direct person-to-person contact, such as skin-to-skin contact. Shingles (A) is caused by the varicella-zoster virus and is not transmitted through direct person-to-person contact. Skin cancer (C) is not contagious and is caused by genetic and environmental factors. Eczema (D) is a chronic skin condition that is not contagious and is influenced by genetics and environmental triggers.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is a type of depression characterized by mood swings between periods of extreme high energy (mania) and low energy (depression). This is different from the other choices: A) Delirium is a state of confusion and disorientation, C) Obsessive-convulsive disorder is characterized by intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors, and D) Hemianopsia is a visual impairment in which half of the visual field is lost. Bipolar disorder specifically aligns with the description of mood swings, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increased appetite. In hyperthyroidism, the overproduction of thyroid hormones can lead to an increased metabolic rate, causing individuals to feel constantly hungry. This results in increased appetite and potentially weight loss. Reduced perspiration (A), weight gain (B), and slowed pulse (C) are not symptoms typically associated with hyperthyroidism. Reduced perspiration is not a common symptom, weight gain is more indicative of hypothyroidism, and a slowed pulse is more commonly associated with hypothyroidism as well due to the decreased metabolic rate.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Weakness of muscles in the feet and ankles causing difficulty lifting the foot is known as foot drop. This leads to a characteristic dragging of the foot while walking. Pronation (A) and supination (B) refer to the inward and outward rolling of the foot, respectively, and are not related to muscle weakness. Phlebitis (D) is inflammation of a vein and not associated with muscle weakness in the feet and ankles. Therefore, the correct answer is C: Foot drop, as it directly addresses the muscle weakness symptom described in the question.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cancer. Cancer can lead to difficulty eating or swallowing, causing malnutrition. Tube feeding ensures adequate nutrition. Depression (A) does not directly require tube feeding. Dialysis (C) treats kidney failure, not a reason for tube feeding. Anaphylaxis (D) is a severe allergic reaction, not a condition necessitating tube feeding.