ATI RN
Basic Care Needs of Patients Questions
Question 1 of 5
_______ involves the use of medication to calm a person.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Certainly! The correct answer is D: Sedation. Sedation involves the use of medication to calm a person by inducing a state of relaxation and reduced anxiety without causing complete loss of consciousness. Ablation (A) is a medical procedure to remove or destroy tissue, not to calm a person. Respiration (B) refers to the process of breathing and has no relation to calming someone. Supination (C) is a term used in anatomy to describe the rotation of the forearm and has no connection to calming through medication. Therefore, the correct choice for calming with medication is sedation.
Question 2 of 5
The patient has presented to the ambulatory surgery center to have a colonoscopy. The patient is scheduled to receive moderate sedation (conscious sedation) during the procedure. How will the nurse interpret this information?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The procedure requires a depressed level of consciousness. Moderate sedation, also known as conscious sedation, involves administering medications to induce a state of decreased awareness and responsiveness while maintaining the patient's ability to independently maintain a patent airway and respond to verbal commands. This level of sedation allows the patient to be minimally responsive but still able to breathe independently. Incorrect answers: A: Loss of sensation in an area of the body is typically associated with local anesthesia, not moderate sedation. C: The term "ambulatory surgery center" already indicates that the procedure will be performed on an outpatient basis, so this is redundant. D: While the patient may be asked to lie still during the procedure, being immobile is not a defining characteristic of moderate sedation.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assessing a postoperative patient with a history of obstructive sleep apnea for airway obstruction. Which assessment finding will best alert the nurse to this complication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Drop in pulse oximetry readings. In a postoperative patient with obstructive sleep apnea, airway obstruction can lead to decreased oxygen saturation levels, reflected by a drop in pulse oximetry readings. This is a critical sign that alerts the nurse to a potential airway complication. Moaning with reports of pain (B) and shallow respirations (C) are not specific indicators of airway obstruction in this context. Disorientation (D) may indicate other issues but does not directly point to airway obstruction. Monitoring pulse oximetry readings is crucial for early detection and intervention in such cases.
Question 4 of 5
An elderly patient is found unconscious and unresponsive. His heart rate is 30 beats per minute, blood pressure is 70/40 mmHg, and his skin is pale and cool. Which intervention should be performed first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Establish transcutaneous pacing. This intervention is crucial to immediately address the bradycardia and maintain cardiac output in the elderly patient with symptomatic bradycardia and hypotension. Transcutaneous pacing provides rapid external electrical stimulation to increase the heart rate and improve perfusion. Administering atropine, dopamine infusion, or a fluid bolus of normal saline may not be effective in this scenario as the patient's heart rate is dangerously low, and transcutaneous pacing is the most appropriate intervention to address the underlying cause of the hemodynamic instability.
Question 5 of 5
You are on scene at a motor vehicle accident, and your 20-year-old patient is entrapped. He is unconscious, unresponsive, and has a palpable carotid pulse that is weak and thready. His breathing is slow and shallow at four times a minute with equal chest wall expansion. There are no obvious deformity injuries or hemorrhage noted. Fire department on-scene has stabilized the vehicle and provided you and your partner a relatively safe environment to manage the entrapped patient. However, access is limited to the seated patient, and extrication is expected to take another twenty minutes. After having your partner maintain cervical spine stabilization, which of the following would be the best choice for securing the patient's airway?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Intubate the patient using the blind orotracheal intubation technique to maintain in-line mobilization of the spine, then assist ventilation. Rationale: 1. Blind orotracheal intubation maintains cervical spine immobilization, crucial in trauma cases. 2. Intubation ensures a secure airway and adequate ventilation for the unconscious patient. 3. Assisting ventilation is vital due to the patient's slow and shallow breathing. 4. Nasal airway (A) may not secure the airway effectively in this case. 5. Nasotracheal intubation (B) may not be feasible given limited access and time constraints. 6. King LTD (D) is not the best option when direct laryngoscopy is possible.