ATI RN
NCLEX RN Pediatric Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Inhalation of carbogen for short period is recommended:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Inhalation of carbogen, which is a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen, for a short period can have several beneficial effects.
Question 2 of 5
An infant with tetralogy of Fallot becomes cyanotic and dyspneic after a crying episode. To relieve the cyanosis and dyspnea, the nurse should place the infant in the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The orthopneic position is the best position to relieve cyanosis and dyspnea in an infant with tetralogy of Fallot. This position involves sitting up and leaning forward, which helps improve lung expansion and oxygenation. Placing the infant in the orthopneic position will reduce the workload on the heart, improve oxygenation, and relieve symptoms of cyanosis and dyspnea associated with tetralogy of Fallot. It allows for better expansion of the lungs and improves ventilation-perfusion matching, thereby enhancing oxygen exchange and alleviating the cyanotic spell.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse closely monitors the temperature of a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome. The purpose of this assessment is to detect an early sign of which possible complication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome, the nurse closely monitors the temperature to detect an early sign of infection. Children with nephrotic syndrome are more susceptible to infections due to loss of immunoglobulins in the urine, decreased serum complement levels, and altered immune function. Monitoring the temperature is important to identify any signs of infection early, as prompt treatment is crucial in preventing complications such as sepsis.
Question 4 of 5
Which are clinical manifestations of the postterm newborn? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Postterm newborns are infants born after 42 weeks of gestation. Some common clinical manifestations of postterm newborns include parchment-like, wrinkled skin due to prolonged exposure to amniotic fluid, and long fingernails as a result of intrauterine growth beyond the expected term. Excessive lanugo and absence of scalp hair are not typically seen in postterm newborns. Increased subcutaneous fat may be more common in infants born at term or post-term, but it is not a specific clinical manifestation of postterm newborns. Minimal vernix caseosa is also usually present in postterm newborns.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following medications can be used to quickly reduce SOB in a crisis situation for a patient with end-stage respiratory disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: IV morphine is the most appropriate choice among the options provided for quickly reducing shortness of breath (SOB) in a crisis situation for a patient with end-stage respiratory disease. Morphine is commonly used in palliative care for symptom management in patients with severe respiratory distress. It acts as a respiratory depressant by reducing the perception of breathlessness, which can help alleviate the distressing symptoms of dyspnea. The rapid onset of action of IV morphine makes it an effective option for immediate relief in emergency situations for patients experiencing significant SOB due to end-stage respiratory disease. Oral cortisone, IM meperidine (Demerol), and IV propranolol (Inderal) are not primary choices for quickly reducing SOB in this context.