ATI RN
Human Reproductive System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Inflammation of vertebra is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Spondylitis refers to inflammation of the vertebrae, making it the correct choice. 2. Spondylolisthesis is the anterior displacement of a vertebra, not inflammation. 3. Spondylosis is degenerative changes in the spine, not inflammation. 4. Spondylopathy is a general term for any spinal disease, not specific to inflammation.
Question 2 of 5
People lacking melanocytes are deaf. These cells function as part of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: stria vascularis. Melanocytes are present in the stria vascularis of the cochlea, which is essential for maintaining the endocochlear potential and supporting the function of the hair cells. Without melanocytes, the stria vascularis cannot maintain the proper ion balance necessary for hearing, leading to deafness. A: Hair cells are responsible for converting sound vibrations into electrical signals and are not directly related to melanocytes. B: The modiolus is a bony structure in the cochlea that houses the spiral ganglion, which transmits signals from the hair cells to the brain. It is not directly involved with melanocytes. C: The spiral limbus is a structure in the cochlea that supports the organ of Corti and is not directly related to melanocytes.
Question 3 of 5
Which is a sign of benign prostatic hyperplasia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Nocturia. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland, leading to urinary symptoms like frequent urination, especially at night (nocturia). Weight loss, bone pain, and fever are not typical signs of BPH. Nocturia is a common symptom due to the prostate gland pressing against the urethra, causing urinary retention. It is important to differentiate BPH symptoms from other potential causes to provide appropriate treatment.
Question 4 of 5
One treatment for erectile dysfunction requires the injection of a substance into the corpora cavernosa of the penis. The injection of which of the following causes an erection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alprostadil is the correct answer because it is a prostaglandin E1 analog that dilates blood vessels in the corpora cavernosa, promoting blood flow and causing an erection. Norepinephrine (choice A) constricts blood vessels and inhibits erection. A substance that inhibits nitric oxide formation (choice B) is counterproductive as nitric oxide is essential for vasodilation. Angiotensin II (choice D) constricts blood vessels and does not promote erection. Therefore, C is the correct choice for inducing an erection through vasodilation in the corpora cavernosa.
Question 5 of 5
As menstruation ends estrogen levels in the blood rise rapidly. What is the source of the estrogen?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Developing follicles. After menstruation, the developing follicles in the ovaries produce estrogen. This estrogen is responsible for thickening the endometrium in preparation for potential implantation of a fertilized egg. The corpus luteum produces progesterone, not estrogen. The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus and is not a direct source of estrogen. Stromal cells of the ovaries are supportive cells and do not produce estrogen.