ATI RN
Cardiovascular Inflammation Drug Questions
Question 1 of 5
Inflammation is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: Answer A is correct as it accurately defines inflammation as a localized protective response to irritation, injury, or infection. Pain, redness, swelling, and loss of function are typical characteristics. Answer B is incorrect as inflammation is not a deficiency of the immune response. Answer C is incorrect as it describes an autoimmune reaction, not inflammation. Therefore, the correct answer is A.
Question 2 of 5
Hypervitaminosis is any of various abnormal conditions in which the physiological effect of a vitamin is produced to a pathological degree by excessive intake of the vitamin. This consideration is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Define hypervitaminosis as excessive intake of a vitamin leading to pathological effects. Step 2: Given definition matches the statement, making it True. Step 3: Other choices do not align with the definition; 'False' is opposite, 'All' and 'None' are generalizations not specific to the context. In summary, choice A is correct as it accurately reflects the definition of hypervitaminosis, while the other choices are incorrect due to being unrelated or too general.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following enzymes has fibrinolytic activity?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Urokinase. Urokinase is an enzyme that plays a key role in the fibrinolytic system by converting plasminogen to plasmin, which degrades fibrin blood clots. Pepsin (A) is a digestive enzyme, L-asparaginase (C) is used in cancer treatment, and Lydaze (D) is not a known enzyme. Therefore, only urokinase (B) is directly involved in fibrinolysis, making it the correct choice.
Question 4 of 5
Flushing caused by this drug can be reduced by taking it after meals and/or by pretreatment with aspirin:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Nicotinic acid (niacin). Niacin commonly causes flushing as a side effect due to prostaglandin release. Taking it after meals can slow down absorption and reduce flushing. Pretreatment with aspirin also helps by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. Lovastatin (A), Gemfibrozil (C), and Probucol (D) do not cause flushing as a side effect, so the strategies of taking after meals or pretreatment with aspirin would not be effective for reducing flushing caused by these drugs.
Question 5 of 5
Indications of alendronate are the following, EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale for correct answer (A): Alendronate is a bisphosphonate used to treat osteoporosis and Paget's disease by inhibiting bone resorption. It is not indicated for hypoparathyroidism, which involves low levels of calcium due to parathyroid hormone deficiency. Alendronate does not address the underlying cause of hypoparathyroidism. Summary of incorrect choices: B: Alendronate is used for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. C: Alendronate is indicated for Paget's disease. D: Alendronate is effective for syndromes of ectopic calcification.